Much has been written about the glass ceiling and pay differentials in higher and further education (HE, FE) for women academics (McTavish and Miller 2009, Rees 2007) but very little about discrepancies for women "professional managers" within UK higher education. Professional managers as a term needs to be defined as universities call…

Reacting to an article by Sir Bryan Hopkin in the previous (Winter) issue of "Economics," the author maintains that it is misleading to debate whether the level of real wages causes unemployment and criticizes the use of time series data to support such arguments. Uses data from the United Kingdom and several other countries to…

Maintains that the level of real wages is not an obstacle to the achievement of full employment. Covers such topics as aggregate demand and supply, the argument about inflationary pressures, the open economy, and real wage objectives in responding, point by point, to the arguments noted by Ms. Levancic. (JDH)

Gender discrimination and wage inequity remain problems worldwide. In the United States and Canada, where equal rights and protective legislation have been in place for nearly 40 years, glaring disparities in salaries and job opportunities remain. Similar problems have been studied in the United Kingdom, leading to enactment of the 1975 Sex…

There are two reasons why women employed full time earn 74 percent of what men earn. One is that most women are employed in less responsible and less demanding jobs than most men. The other is that there is inequality of pay for women whose work is as demanding and responsible as that of men. (JOW)

Aspects of women's employment and status, as well as equality of opportunity and wages, in various countries are examined. (SK)

Assesses the extent of the following types of structural unemployment in the United Kingdom: technological change, skills mismatch, geographical mismatch, demographic shifts, institutional rigidity, unemployability, and capital restructuring. Concludes that measurement is difficult and the types create segmented labor markets that obstruct the…

Compares male and female professional librarians in English public libraries in terms of salaries, employment level, participation in continuing education activities, reasons for taking an extended leave or quitting a job, and respondents' descriptions of an ideal job. (8 references) (Author/CLB)

Reviews existing collective bargaining relationships in higher education in the United Kingdom, examines pressures for change, identifies issues inhibiting reform of bargaining and pay structures, and considers the impact of inter-union relationships on change in bargaining practices. Focus is on trends since the 1992 restructuring of UK higher…

"Women at Work," a collection of 15 essays, contributes to our understanding of women's working lives and presents a useful opportunity to view British evidence in this field. Although women's absolute lifetime earnings will always be lower than men's, educated women may enjoy a greater advantage than men and face less market…

This report examines selected public sector direct job creation schemes that were in operation in 1977-1978 in Canada, Denmark, Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Based on responses to a questionnaire and discussions with officials in the five countries, the information presented in the report is not intended to evaluate any one…

Education in the arts and humanities has always been important to the United States' arts and culture and to its competitiveness in a global economy. Providing all students with a complete education in the arts and humanities can help them cope with, and master, the fast-paced technological advances, forces of globalization, and major demographic…

The rhetoric surrounding career education programs was examined by exploring two questions. The first question was which employment sectors anticipate significant job growth and what skill levels and academic competencies were required to work within those sectors. The second question was whether increasing the level of student knowledge and skill…