Written from a Polish immigrant's viewpoint, this article focuses on the moral and spiritual aspects of the political upheaval beginning in Poland in 1980 and culminating in the toppling of East European totalitarian regimes. Poland will eventually achieve a strong free-market economy and democracy, aided by school reform and teacher reeducation.…

Political changes in Poland are affecting the educational sector. There is a need for regulation in adult education, and the polycentric model is shifting government responsibility for education from financial support to political and moral oversight. (SK)

Attempts to explain why a cohort of Polish youth participated so actively in the Solidarity movement of 1980-81, even though studies of these youth conducted in the early 1970s had shown their values to be of a private-stabilization nature. Focuses on the effects of Poland's economic crisis and life under martial law. (KH)

Wiktor Kulerski, Deputy Minister of Poland's Ministry of Education, and Andrzej Janowski, a Vice-Minister of Education, members of the Solidarity union's teachers branch, discuss their involvement with the union that forced democratic reforms in Poland's Communist government and ensuing changes in the Polish social studies curriculum. (FMW)

Considers the process of democratizing teacher education in Poland, focusing on the long-term effects of the country's totalitarian history on individuals' ability to take responsibility for their own and others' actions. Describes recent projects aimed at enlarging knowledge about democracy and the training skills necessary for social…

Drawing on her experience as a teacher in the most recent Polish clandestine or "flying" university, the author describes the organization and purpose of an underground university in a totalitarian state. The article contains a translation of the flying university's original declaration. (Author/CT)

This article identifies the critical problems (economic, political, and social) facing the university system in Poland and argues that the university system can survive only by embracing such functions as forming values and ideas needed for democracy, fostering international and intranational links, and providing service functions. (DB)

The weakness of English and other language instruction in Poland is due largely to the political system after World War II. Political and economic change and gradual recognition of the importance of English have recently increased rapidly. Expanded contact with the West calls for immediate qualitative and quantitative changes in English language…

This report provides background information on Polish refugees that may be of use to sponsors involved in Polish refugee resettlement in the United States. The report discusses economic and social conditions in Poland; the social values and political attitudes of modern Polish refugees as opposed to those of Poles who settled in the United States…

Polish legislation concerning higher education since 1990 has focused on increasing institutional autonomy, but brought with it an unrealistic reliance on market mechanisms for positive change. This has resulted in a non-integrated system and inadequate public policy for science and higher education. It is the institutions themselves that have…

Presents (1) characteristics of the totalitarian educational system in Poland which influence the current educational situation; (2) expectations for institutions connected with early childhood education in the new democratic political and social situations in Poland; and (3) an image of early childhood settings as institutions supporting parent…

This article introduces four papers addressing problems of higher education in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Yugoslavia. Issues identified include overcoming the Communist heritage, the separation of teaching and research, low student numbers, appropriate diversification of higher education, increasing access, the role of the state, and…

Basic elements of the higher education system are considered, along with variations across nations (the United Kingdom, Sweden, Japan, Italy, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Australia, Canada, the United States, Poland, Yugoslavia, Mexico, and Thailand). Three basic elements of the organization of higher education system are identified:…

A study of need and strategies for higher education reform in East Central Europe is summarized. The study was based on separate studies in Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia, each from the perspective of those involved in the systems. Research/development policy, government role, funding, faculty, and international collaboration…