In this article I argue that doctoral candidates undertake a form of rite of passage, generally incorporating several shorter rites of passage, during their candidature of three to five years. Furthermore, there are times during their research education when many candidates demonstrate through their writing, presentation, discussion, and even…

Describes a model, Mediated Learning Experiences (MLE), for understanding specific criteria within adult-child (usually parent-child) interactions that effect flexiblity of mind in young children. An examination of cause-effect relationship between parental behaviors and measures of developmental outcomes are presented, based on two longitudinal…