Higher education has responded positively and in a variety of ways to changing business and industrial needs, using imagination to establish cooperative relationships. In Ireland, identifying industry's workforce needs was central to successful cooperation. Bridging the two very different cultures has also required creation of an appropriate…

Increasingly, academic institutions are asked to redress perceived national and regional economic shortcomings directly through technology transfer, formation of new companies, and product development; but the effectiveness of these mechanisms is unproven. Academic administrators must assess the match between capability and goals and preserve the…

The issues universities must address in developing technology transfer policies and activities are examined, including definition of academic, financial, and economic objectives; identification of available resources; creation of a favorable institutional environment; appropriate arrangements for research administration and industry liaison; and…

It is suggested that small- and medium-sized public universities without a commercial tradition reorganize the research administration function to serve as information clearinghouses, conduct "business intelligence," and identify new technologies and entrepreneurs among researchers. Research administration could include other practical functions…

The major concerns in university-industry research relationships, discussed from an industrial viewpoint, include: research and development (R&D) within the firm, for an industry, and for a society; types of R&D organizations; working with universities and government labs; potential problems; and possible directions for the future. (MSE)

Success in university-industry cooperative ventures depends on (1) a mutual understanding of the parties' needs and expectations from the outset, (2) understanding of individual responsibilities in collaborative efforts, (3) policy to accommodate both security and publication of results, (4) mechanisms to avoid divisiveness, and (5) scientific…

All-inclusive patent and licensing policies of research universities ignore the strengths of individual disciplines and varied needs of industrial sponsors. Some academic units are involved primarily in incremental improvement, while others generate breakthrough developments. Industry also pursues differential innovation patterns. Disciplines…

This pamphlet offers a series of self-assessment guidelines and questions which college and university officials can use to help determine the extent to which they are taking the appropriate measures to reasonably protect the institution's interests, maximize the economic value of technical discoveries made by faculty, and still maintain an…

University-industry relations are examined in the context of countries in which universities are seen as potential resources for regional development. Issues discussed include different forms of cooperation, pricing of research, competition, intellectual property rights, choice of company for developing a discovery, and the broader issue of…

A survey of university-industry technology transfer practices in the Federal Republic of Germany revealed how many of the organizational, financial, and legal features of the German system of higher education and research promotion affect technology transfer. American research administrators would benefit from an understanding of these political…

Discussion of the changes in the university research administrator's role resulting from changes in university research funding patterns looks at how and why universities enter into research with industry, federal funding and defense conversion funding, and the experience of the University of South Florida with this process. The research…

The introduction of microtechnology into the educational system will generate changing demands in the environment that will affect concepts of learning and transmission and the definition of nonformal education. Challenges for educational managers in the coming decade will include (1) recognizing that the benefits of the instructional applications…

Conflicts of interest that may arise from faculty consulting (professional services or advice to a client) are considered, with attention to issues such as time for consulting; competition with private practice; conflict of obligations; use of the university name, facilities, and resources; income considerations; and reporting and monitoring of…

The "virtual campus" is a metaphor for the electronic teaching, learning, and research environment created by the convergence of several relatively new technologies including, but not restricted to, the Internet, World Wide Web, computer-mediated communication, video conferencing, multi-media, groupware, video-on-demand, desktop…

Globalization of the political economy, and the attendant reductions in government funding, liaisons with business and industry, and marketing of educational and business services, has been changing the nature of academic labor. The first three chapters discuss the ways in which global political and economic changes have had an impact on higher…