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Flocke, Lynne – American Education, 1981
Donna Lopiano, women's athletic director at the University of Texas at Austin, describes her six-year struggle to develop a competitive collegiate athletic program which provides equal opportunities for women in sports. (SK)
Descriptors: Athletic Coaches, Females, Higher Education, Intercollegiate Cooperation
American School and University, 1981
Summarizes findings from a survey of about 400 school districts across the country to determine how Title IX is affecting their high school programs. (Author/MLF)
Descriptors: Athletic Coaches, Athletics, Compliance (Legal), School Districts
Sage, George H; Loudermilk, Sheryl – Research Quarterly, 1979
Female athletes participating in sports traditionally considered the domain of male athletes experienced greater role conflict than those participating in sports socially approved for women. (MM)
Descriptors: Athletes, Athletics, Females, Role Conflict
Hopkins, David R. – Journal of Physical Education and Recreation, 1979
An evaluation method for coaches engaged in competitive selection of female basketball players is presented. (LH)
Descriptors: Basketball, Competitive Selection, Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Methods

Raffel, Norma K. – Physical Educator, 1979
Various Chinese "physical culture" programs are recounted along with observations regarding the role of girls and women in the multilevel sports activities. (LH)
Descriptors: Athletics, Foreign Countries, Physical Education, Physical Fitness

Cayleff, Susan E. – OAH Magazine of History, 1992
Describes the life of "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias from her start as a basketball player and Olympian through her career as a professional golfer. Addresses the difficulties faced by women who are successful in the male arena of athletics. Discusses her struggles against cancer and to be seen by the public as a normal female. (DK)
Descriptors: Athletes, Biographies, Females, Higher Education

Watson, Scott B. – Quest, 1993
Pursuing excellence in sport discriminates against women. Alongside the primary texts of the glories of excellence runs a subtext of inequality and discrimination. The paper traces the idea of sport as a quest for excellence through various interpretations of the meaning of sport, discussing excellence as a socially constructed concept. (SM)
Descriptors: Adults, Competition, Females, Sex Discrimination

Hutchens, Lisa C.; Townsend, Barbara K. – Initiatives, 1998
Reviews the evolution of opportunities for females in college athletics at four-year institutions, including the impact of Title IX and subsequent court decisions. Analyzes the roles of various athletic associations. Examines Title IX initiatives implemented by dominant athletic associations. (MKA)
Descriptors: College Athletics, Court Litigation, Females, Higher Education
Hult, Joan S. – Journal of Physical Education and Recreation, 1978
New Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) regulations will help to assure individual student-athletes equal opportunities without discrimination. (DS)
Descriptors: Females, Higher Education, Policy, Recruitment

Marburger, Donna R. – Physical Educator, 1987
Comparison of women's athletics programs in the United States and Canada since the inception of Title IX indicates that such intercollegiate programs in both countries have seen considerable growth but have also faced financial and other problems. (CB)
Descriptors: College Athletics, Comparative Analysis, Federal Legislation, Higher Education
Yerkes, Rita; Miranda, Wilma – Parks and Recreation, 1985
Questionnaires were distributed to participants in all-women outdoor programs to discover why these women chose an all-women program, how the experience influenced their lives, and if they planned to continue with this type of program. Findings are discussed. (DF)
Descriptors: Adult Programs, Females, Leisure Time, Outdoor Activities

Perry, Jean L., Ed. – Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 1986
Eight articles detail changes that have taken place in women's athletics since Title IX took effect in 1976. Included are articles on coaching women's tennis, coaching certification; play for pay, ethnic minorities in sports, competition with men, and women coaches in high school interscholastic competition. (MT)
Descriptors: Athletes, Federal Legislation, High Schools, Higher Education
Fields, Cheryl M. – Chronicle of Higher Education, 1984
A court decision rejecting the charge of the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (A.I.A.W.) that the National Collegiate Athletics Association forced it out of operation by engaging in anticompetitive actions to induce members to leave the A.I.A.W. is discussed, including excerpts of the court's opinion. (MSE)
Descriptors: Athletics, Competition, Court Litigation, Federal Legislation

Johnson, Karen M., Ed.; Fritz, Harry, Ed. – Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 1984
A collection of articles is offered that examines the history and current status of women in the Olympic Games. Included is a brief historical account of women's participation, criteria for adding sports, examination of women's status, and an explanation of rhythmic gymnastics which was recently added for women. (DF)
Descriptors: Athletics, Competition, Eligibility, Females

Pogge-Strubing, Marianne – Update on Law-Related Education, 1983
When Congress decided that Title IX applied to sports, the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) was required to develop regulations for enforcing equality in athletic programs. HEW's guidelines, the federal government's enforcement of the guidelines, and the impact of Title IX on women's athletics are discussed. (SR)
Descriptors: Court Litigation, Elementary Secondary Education, Guidelines, Legal Problems