Examined effects of cultural mistrust on counseling expectations for Black clients assigned to both Black and White counselors. Found client mistrust level interacted significantly with counselor race. Highly mistrustful Blacks expected white counselors to be less accepting, trustworthy, and expert; they also expected less in terms of counseling…

Investigated the relationships between clients' early premature termination of counseling and ratings of their counselors' expertness, trustworthiness, and attractiveness and the extent to which clients believed that they were understood by their counselors. Conducted a follow-up survey to assess clients' reasons for terminating prematurely. Time…

Training programs that incorporated overt, covert, and combined over-covert practice modes were compared for their effects on developing counseling skills and confidence among undergraduate students. The combined practice group was superior to the control group on attending behaviors and empathy ratings. The overt practice group was superior to…

It was hypothesized that Black students' racial identity would affect their perceptions of White counselors' interview behaviors. Results indicated that participants rated culture-sensitive counselors as more culturally competent than culture-blind counselors. Cultural sensitivity interacted with racial identity, with encounter participants rating…

Presents a management-of-self model of supervision for graduate training in marriage and family therapy. Suggests that as the supervisee comes to understand how family of origin and family constellation patterns are reenacted within the therapeutic context, he/she can then interrupt those patterns of interaction that inhibit effectiveness. (JAC)

Assigned high or low self-esteem counselors (N=8) to high or low self-esteem sixth-grade students (N=16), who completed the Self-Esteem Inventory after four counseling sessions. Results showed students assigned to high self-esteem counselors showed greater gains in self-esteem. (JAC)

Sixty-four school psychologists kept daily records for four weeks of all tests they administered and the reasons they used each test. Projective tests were infrequently used, were typically used to measure personality or self-concept, and were considered less important than other tests for educational planning. (Author/BW)

Identified six dimensions of personal constructs related to rehabilitation counseling as the first part of an investigation into how these variables influence clinical problem solving. Findings have implications for competence assessment research, definition of the affective domain in rehabilitation counseling, and identification of its unique…

Examined the effects of counselor race on perceived counseling effectiveness. Canadian high school students (N=195) viewed videotaped interviews by Caucasian, Chinese-Canadian, and East-Indian Canadian counselors. Results showed Caucasian counselors were rated more favorably; however, perceived effectiveness of minority counselors did not…

Surveyed minority students (N=338) to determine their perception of academic advising on five predominantly White campuses. Findings suggest that minority students perceive academic advising as their most important support resource, particularly among freshmen and sophomores. Few minority students, however, indicated they would seek guidance from…

Mexican-American college students (N=109) with varying commitments to Mexican-American or Anglo-American culture rated their preference for an ethnically similar counselor. Results showed preference for counselor ethnicity and willingness to self-disclose in counseling were related to cultural commitment. Females were more willing to use…

Studied influences on counselors' capacity to make mature moral judgments. Counseling students (N=63) at various levels completed a General Information Questionnaire and the Defining Issues Test. Results suggested that actual counseling experience may be more influential in determining moral reasoning capacity than was originally believed. (JAC)

A survey of 59 principals on counselor selection used a forced-choice questionnaire, pairing each item with every other item, to test 16 criteria in four categories: work experience, recommendations, academic indicators, and behavioral/personal characteristics. Within-system teaching experience and communication ability in the personal interview…

Analyzed effects of race and socioeconomic status on perception of counseling process variables, including judged counselor empathy, judged counselor-client cognitive similarity, and attraction. Raters (N=24) gave highest counselor empathy ratings, client-counselor attraction and cognitive similarity ratings, and client improvement ratings when…

Examined two components of counselor attractiveness--perceived similarity and liking--in a comparison of two theoretical approaches to attractiveness and influence in counseling--the referent power hypothesis and an attributional approach. Results generally support the attributional approach over the reference power hypothesis. (Author)