Educational policy should not be geared to short-term changes in economic development, but must take long-range perspectives. In Austria, although efforts have been made to improve curriculum development to meet social and economic change, greater communication between higher education and the trades and professions is needed. (MSE)

Describes rural primary and secondary schools in the Chinese countryside today, and the Chinese government's policy toward rural education, including universalized primary education and increasing numbers of vocational, technical, and agricultural schools. (MH)

Offers a range of perspectives on the national school reform movement as exemplified in the national commission reports. Presents articles providing a broad, comprehensive set of evaluations of reform, and more specific articles dealing with the real or potential impact of reform or explaining individual issues raised by the reports. (RDN)

Critical and revisionist historians of American education have generated a model of education in a capitalist society that has a functionalist orientation. However, this model does not properly acknowledge the importance of society's contradictions, disjunctions, and incoherence in social and educational change. (FG)

Describes the current situation in Canada regarding the consequences of an expected decline in university enrollments, when it was originally expected that the university system would solve problems of society needing science-based solutions. Parallels are drawn with the situation in the United States. (CS)

Federal awareness that Indians existed as self-governing, political entities gave rise to congressional action during the 1970s that produced significant Indian rights legislation. Article discusses the Congressional Indian legislation enacted during the past decade. (DS)

The impact of federal legislation aimed at discriminatory practices of state and local governments as mandated by the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 is examined. Several Title VII violations are outlined; it is concluded that federal authority can be upheld under Title VII and the Fourteenth Amendment.…

Provides a concise overview on export-based, free zone development in the Dominican Republic by examining its influence on three spatial levels: national, regional, and town. Although industrial free zones contribute to job creation and foreign exchange earnings, local authorities are often unable to control urban development. (MJP)

Describes a middle school experiment where the student government was reorganized and structured along the model of the U.S. government. The government contains a senate, house of representatives, and a judiciary. Legislation, committees, and student appointments are handled in a manner paralleling the national government. (MJP)

In the context of pressure for higher education reform in South Africa, this article argues that the policy debate frequently dichotomizes issues in a way that makes dealing with changing forms of state and changing state-higher education relationships more difficult. A distinction is made between administrative and political forms of control and…

Analyzes the political discontent of western Canada towards the Canadian federal government. Argues that the federal government favors the more populous eastern regions (especially Quebec and Ontario) and rewards these areas with greater federal spending. Briefly discusses several projects and proposals that reflect this bias. (MJP)

Notes prevailing attitudes about early childhood education in Brazil. Examines issues and recent trends in preparing Brazilian teachers of young children: (1) legislation shifting educational responsibility from federal and state governments to local communities; (2) low teacher salaries; (3) poor teaching conditions; (4) the need for leadership;…

Recent rapid economic and social development has brought more sophisticated leisure-based activities to a wide sector of Kuwait society. This article examines the development of leisure activities, and factors that affect recreation participation by Kuwait's population, noting the relationship between leisure and the government, education, the…

Discusses money shortages in Iowa that are affecting school library media specialists and highlights two collaborative efforts: cooperative purchasing of online reference databases, and the Com Cat union catalog. Explains the role of the area education agency (AEA) system in supporting schools and how online databases are being used. (LRW)

Explores issues related to the use of technology in Indian schools, drawing on information from a variety of sources, such as interviews with parents and teachers, school visits, government information, and magazine and journal articles. Examines India's cultural and educational environments; diversity of parents' and educators' attitudes about…