Objective: This study examined (1) the validity and reliability of the 3 × 2 achievement goal questionnaire (3 × 2 AGQ) in a college physical activity (PA) setting, and (2) relationships between achievement goals and students' persistence/effort. Methods: Participants were 556 students (M = 20.31 years, SD = 1.34; 305 males; 251 females) enrolled…

One of the initiatives to strengthen the Indonesian economy is entrepreneurship. Concern has been raised about how little entrepreneurship is being pursued by recent college graduates. Several earlier studies have discovered that an entrepreneur can successfully run his business if there is an interest in entrepreneurship. Therefore, the purpose…

Most studies on gamified learning have neglected gamification depth, which has motivated the current study to identify the impact of gamified depth on students' intrinsic motivation and performance levels. A quasi-experimental approach was employed, which involved a total of 117 undergraduate students divided into control (n = 57) and experimental…

Background: Despite access to nature-based recreation, many college students do not take advantage of these experiences to improve their mental and physical health. Virtual reality experiences provide a potential pathway to motivate this population to recreate outdoors, but research is needed to determine whether virtual recreation can lead to…

Personalized gamification aims to address shortcomings of the one-size-fits-all (OSFA) approach in improving students' motivations throughout the learning process. However, studies still focus on personalizing to a single user dimension, ignoring multiple individual and contextual factors that affect user motivation. Unlike prior research, we…

Abundant laboratory and classroom research demonstrate the superior effectiveness of effortful learning strategies based on cognitive science over re-reading, highlighting, and other strategies more widely used by college students. However, persuading students to adopt and adhere to effective strategies is difficult. This article outlines a novel,…

Motivational drivers and emotions that students experience play an important role in the process of learning a new language (L2). This has been recognised by researchers and educators, and extensive research has been conducted in recent decades to examine the psychological and emotional factors involved in L2 learning. However, two ubiquitous…

Exploring authentic connections between the arts leads to a deeper understanding of artistic processes and prepares students for formulating connections in our increasingly interrelated world. Differentiated assessments allow students to demonstrate understanding through their choice of artistic media and work at their individual level increasing…

Student interactions in distance learning have been a critical element of the transactional distance theory. Research shows that student interactions have a positive effect on learning outcomes. However, little is known about how student interactions can be improved. The need to understand student interactions and to determine the relationships…

Although research has explored how in-class pedagogical practices and narrative feedback affect student engagement and motivation, questions remain on the impact of grading systems (i.e. multi-interval grades vs pass/fail and narrative evaluation) on academic motivation. Here, we compared the motivation of students who received multi-interval…

Along with the increased interest in theory and research concerning moral agency and moral disengagement, there has been heightened attention to the significant role of self-regulated learning in developing self-directed, proactive, and skilled learners. Nevertheless, these 2 psychosocial mechanisms have not been fully integrated to explain…

The purpose of this study is to examine the academic motivation scale of student adolescent athletes in terms of different variables. Scanning model was used during the research. While the home of the research is composed of children who actively attend formal education and actively engage in sports during the adolescence period, it consists of…

A teacher with the characteristic of creative leadership adopts approaches beyond conventional education and fulfils the requirements of twenty-first-century skills. By doing so, they positively influence the motivation of individuals who contribute to the envisioned future, bringing forth their courage, collaboration, and creativity. In line with…

The introduction and spread of distance learning imply a shift in approaches and methods of its organisation. This affects the methods and goals of the interaction of subjects of educational activity, including their motivation. That is why the question regarding the analysis of educational components and models aimed at increasing the motivation…

The article is devoted to the preparation of future chemistry teachers for their motivational influence on pupils. It analyses the experience of the course "Means of Motivation in Chemistry Teaching," which is designed as an elective course in the undergraduate preparation of future chemistry teachers at our university. It looks closely…