Examines the effect of the labor market structure on underemployment and low-wage employment of urban and rural White males. Examines factors of special public employment, global industrial competition, sexual competition, and high proportion of rural female workers. Concludes industrial restructuring and increased foreign competition threaten…

Compares labor market samples from two dualist countries--the United States and Canada whose employment and family-related policies are decentralized--and two corporatist countries--Norway and Sweden whose policies are centralized. Hypothesizes that Scandinavian countries would show less effect from family responsibilities and fewer gender…

Explores how learning disabled are affected by demographic changes in workforce. Concludes that development of academic skills will become increasingly important for learning disabled as skill levels required by job market continue to rise. (Author/CM)

Traces the patterns of wage premiums for college graduates since 1963. Also examines the wage differentials between high school dropouts and graduates, and between college dropouts and graduates. The dramatic rise in the wage premium is due to the huge increase in the demand for college-trained workers. (Author/BJV)

The relationship between size of metropolitan population and income level and distribution is investigated. Economic well-being is conceptualized as a function of the following components: (1) population; (2) labor force characteristics; (3) industrial structure; and (4) occupational structure. Results of a cross-sectional analysis indicate no…

Explores the background and context of the Australian federal government's new postcompulsory education and training policies. Examines the social, economic, and political context surrounding policy development and the "stitching together" of competing interests. The resulting policy directions, linking goals to equity issues, represent…

This article compares Austrian higher education and employment issues to those in other nations and concludes that Austria's situation is idiosyncratic. It specifically addresses university role and structure, open access, unregulated student-institution matching, individualized study structure, low proportion of graduates in the labor force,…

Compares American and German educational system structures, emphasizing organizational and curricular features of school- and work-based preparation for the labor market. The countries have fundamentally different school to work transition models which significantly affect their students. The article makes recommendations for improving both…

Policy debates and discussions have focused on two main aspects of the education system of Northern Ireland: the role of religiously segregated schools in the conflict and the link between educational attainment and labor market opportunity. Possible solutions and the role of integrated schools are explored. (SLD)

This article proposes that efforts to coordinate higher education and employment of graduates depends on both the educational structure of the population and the structure of employment opportunities, making comparison across countries difficult. The situation in Europe, and particularly in Finland in relation to other countries, is examined.…

In the coming era of shrinking opportunity in the professions, discrimination must be redefined so that there is consensus about fairness, and affirmative action within the professions should be deemphasized as the professions cease expanding. The burden of coming job shortages must be shared without favoring any one group. (SLD)

Discusses issues of equity, access, and retention for African Americans in higher education. African Americans continue to be underrepresented in higher level positions largely because they are underrepresented in higher education for economic and social reasons that an increasingly multiracial society may not be able to tolerate. (SLD)

To ensure economic growth and increased employment opportunities for youth, there must be greater emphasis on the following: (1) providing self-employment skills to young people; (2) preparing them for highly technical jobs; and (3) preparing them for service industry jobs. Recommends the incorporation of entrepreneurship education in the…

Discussion of the growth of technology in society focuses on political, economic, and ethical issues concerning technology in education. Highlights include technological needs of the economy; effects of technology on the job market and the labor force; the changing role of teachers; social imbalance and inequity; and social literacy. (31…

Discusses the following issues in Poland: formal gender equality during state Socialism; public provision of child care; the domestic division of labor; women's educational careers; women's labor market position; gender inequalities in social consciousness; separation between public and private domains; and transition from a society to civil…