Presents a translation of an article written by five members of the Soviet Academy of Sciences on the US-Soviet scientific cooperation and human rights. An open letter written by five American Nobel laureates as a rebuttal to this article is also presented. (HM)

Provides a brief history of the development of the United Nations. Identifies achievements of the United Nations in the promotion of human rights, the translation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights into binding international covenants, and the establishment of monitoring mechanisms to ensure the protection of human rights. (KO)

Examines the present state of the African American community in the United States. Discusses both the symbolic and literal concept of "Back to Africa," arguing that the cultural vitality of Afrocentricity and the African diaspora will profit from symbolic Pan-African linkages, linkages that can rejuvenate the cultural life of the African…

In South Africa there is widespread recognition amongst university educators that the new outcomes-based education (OBE) system can prevent instrumental thinking, particularly in view of OBE's agenda to encourage critical learning. However, what these educators do not necessarily take into account is that many students are not always ready to deal…

The psychological rights of children with disabilities are discussed in this article. The emergence of a worldwide movement for full citizenship for the disabled is traced, and the physical and social integration of disabled citizens into the mainstream of family and community life is described. (PP)

In noting his reactions to Rafe-uz-Zaman's essay on literacy and national development (see v9, n1 of this journal), the author states that while literacy's contribution to economic development is important, the personal and qualitative development of the individual matters most. He therefore rejects the concept of "functional" education, stressing…

Argues that through equality, human dignity, and altruism, individuals learn to define and transcend themselves in relation to others. Discusses how student affair professionals can operationalize an ethic of care which emphasizes these values. Such an operationalization is complex and involves moral convictions, legal dimensions, and pragmatic…

Major historical themes of the childrens rights movement dealing with education are briefly traced. The meaning and significance of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child are considered as they relate to education. The roles of school psychology in future advances in children's rights are discussed. (SLD)

Lack of individual and group self-esteem hinders African Americans in their efforts to compete with others in U.S. society. A person or group with self-esteem will not settle for second-class treatment. Suggestions for promoting individual and group self-esteem for blacks are presented. (SLD)

Lack of self-esteem is the root of many social problems. The California Task Force to Promote Self-Esteem and Personal and Social Responsibility has made several recommendations to promote self-esteem as a social vaccine against the problems besetting minority and urban families. (SLD)

Traditional civil disobedience has usually combined deep spiritual beliefs with intense political ones. And while appreciating the differences in the two worlds--render unto Caesar what is Caesar's and to God what is God's--practitioners respected both. While sometimes willful and defiant and sometimes passive to the point of self-extinction, the…

Discusses constitutional interpretations relating to capital punishment and protection of human dignity. Points out the document's effectiveness in creating a new society by adapting its principles to current problems and needs. Considers two views of the Constitution that lead to controversy over the legitimacy of judicial decisions. (PS)

Two types of dehumanization are defined, and modern instances of dehumanization--failure to regard a person as if s/he were the human being that s/he is--are analyzed. Philosophical insights of Immanuel Kant and Martin Buber concerning human dignity are given, and examples of dehumanization in education are cited. (PP)

The first element in defining the life goals of mentally retarded persons is the establishment of nurturing environments. These environments consist of an array of community-based residential, educational, and vocational alternatives. The disabled person should receive full recognition as a developmental being. (JN)

A male student analyzes high school teachers' sexist behavior toward female students. Many females learn to accept poor treatment as a fact of life and don't file complaints. Many women lose self-confidence due to discrimination, but a few appear to be strengthened by it. The author suggests that fighting for justice is the only way to change…