Discusses the concept of invitational education, defines invitational education, discusses the skills of the inviting middle school counselor, suggests techniques for helping middle school students feel adequate as learners, and delineates methods for making the middle school invitational. (RC)

Studied social workers' perceptions of group dimensions that had negative effects on members. Found that group leaders viewed group composition as a major source of harmful interaction while members and observers saw group norms as a more frequent cause of negative effects. (Author/JAC)

Provides insights for job counselors preparing to counsel potential and established industrial arts majors and graduates. Discusses common myths concerning the field including: industrial arts equals special education or vocational education, industrial arts is not for college-bound students, or industrial arts is strictly for teacher preparation.…

This review of the literature on sex stereotyping in occupations includes a discussion of socializing influences, procedures for reducing stereotyping, and strategies for achieving sex equity in vocational education. (SK)

Discusses issues encountered by graduates of American-style overseas schools, both American citizens and foreign nationals, when coming to colleges in the United States. Based in part on a survey of guidance counselors in American overseas schools and over 1,300 of their graduates in U.S. institutions, student characteristics and perceptions about…

A study examined team-oriented counseling programs in rural schools. Surveys of 118 counselors from rural elementary, middle, and high schools in 6 states showed that most middle and high schools had one or more team-oriented programs. Elementary schools showed much lower percentages. No significant relationship was found between team-oriented…

Investigated factors involved in counseling students' (n=106) endorsement of personal counseling as a requirement for counseling program graduation. Results indicated that 66 percent of students endorsed a counseling requirement for counseling students, but those who endorsed the requirement were not more likely to seek counseling for help with…

Surveyed 343 rural and urban high school counselors regarding drug abuse patterns and training needs in secondary schools. Findings showed that 80 percent of respondents agreed that drug abuse was a problem in their schools, but drug abuse was perceived as greater problem in urban schools. Results indicated school counselors need drug abuse…

Examines whether clinical psychologists expect similar behavior from males and females in contexts that are traditionally male vs. female. Findings call into question the use of "masculine" and "feminine" to describe behavior, and emphasize the significance of environmental context. (FMW)

Archival data were used to explore intake judgments made by 45 counselors about 344 African American and white clients seen at a counseling center during a 2-year period. Counselor gender was significantly associated with ratings of client severity of current condition. Neither ethnicity nor counselor experience was predictive of intake judgments.…

Describes a research project designed to help empower the largely female child welfare staff and clients in a British Columbia child welfare agency by giving them more authority to shape agency practice according to their joint plans. (MDM)

Social workers (n=395) were surveyed concerning their role in assisting older parents of developmentally disabled individuals with permanency planning. Practitioners, administrators, and educators similarly perceived ease in counseling aging families, but also noted their need for additional resources and specialized training. Recommendations…

Discusses counseling issues unique to Africans attending college at American universities and the need to incorporate the African worldview when counseling these students. Offers suggestions for helping counselors work effectively with this student population and describes issues to which counselors must be sensitive, such as boundary concerns,…

Camp Adventure is an international youth organization that trains college students to work as camp counselors at camps on U.S. military bases. Diary excerpts from four camp counselors (three who worked in Panama and one in the United States) reveal how they adapted to diversity in people, locales, and cultures. (LP)

Assessed 40 counseling students' power base preferences--expert, referent, and legitimate. Results indicate that counseling students do not vary in their endorsement of the different power bases as a function of experience level. All students preferred legitimate power more than referent power and referent power more than expert power. (RJM)