Traces roots of feminist therapy and its independence from traditional and prevalent theories and therapy practices. Asserts that Freudian theory and humanistic assumptions are sexist and contribute to powerlessness of women. In contrast, feminist therapy is seen as dealing directly with client-counselor relationships, trust, advocacy, and…

Considers whether or not intervention and strategy are necessary components of competent therapy. Sees passive listening and expert interpretations as consequences of psychodynamic theory; active manipulation of social structure and strategic intervention into feedback as consequences of mechanical assumptions of structural and cybernetic theory;…

Discusses history of demise of meditation in West and reemergence as Eastern system. Explores reasons for this phenomenon. Discusses differences between Eastern and Western meditation, psychology of meditation, research, and applications of meditation to counseling. Concludes meditation may be used as an integral part of pastoral counseling…

Using American Psychological Association Division 17 position paper on cross-cultural counseling competencies as organizing framework, provides overview of various cross-cultural counseling training models and points to need to go beyond sensitivity training to actually providing culture-specific knowledge in training models. Presents…

Responds to previous article by Patterson in which Patterson defends Rogers' theory of psychotherapy and the traditional form in which it is practiced by many client-centered counselors. Shares Patterson's concern about the changes being advocated for client-centered counseling on the grounds that the approach is inadequate. Attempts to clarify…

Defines the traditional psychological worldview and the emergent systemic worldview in counseling theory. Contrasts hegemonic (predominant) and counterhegemonic (emergent and competitive) viewpoints in counseling theory. The two counseling worldviews are described as presenting distinct roles for professional counselors with respect to assessment,…

Reviews William Coulson's assertions that Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow, and he initiated the humanistic education field, that Rogers repudiated his philosophy late in life, and that they owe the nation's parents an apology. Argues that these charges are groundless and provides examples and quotations from Rogers' later writings to show how Rogers…

Describes extension of strategic therapy model that enables selective application of content and techniques from both individual and family therapy approaches. Illustrates through three case examples process-oriented, constructivist rationale for eclectic strategic practice as well as a more collaborative and relationship-oriented perspective of…

Presents perspective of therapy that re-visions clients' pathology into desire for initiatory experience. Takes symbolic perspective of clients' presenting problems to provide meaning to symptoms and eliminate constraints of diagnoses and/or treatments. Lays developmental foundation to support clinical application of perspective in symbolic…

Addresses advantages of, and potential pitfalls in, integrated approaches to marital counseling. Presents a sequential approach in which various approaches to marital counseling are integrated without jeopardizing internal consistency and uniformity in treatment. Offers precounseling considerations and procedures for a five-session series.…

Complex expressions of empathy can include the thoughts, behaviors, or physical responses that accompany or contribute to the emotions. The focus of this article is to demonstrate how counselors can use empathy to integrate emotional understanding with the related thoughts, behaviors, or physical responses by different theoretical approaches.…

This article explores the role of race in new millennium schools and its impact on students. Multicultural, psycho-social, and academic issues are addressed, and interventions for school counselors are discussed. Racially correlated disparities in K-12 education are apparent in: test scores, grades, retention and drop-out rates, identification for…

The effectiveness of journaling as a therapeutic and teaching tool is well documented. However, specific examples of school counselors utilizing journaling as a therapeutic tool are sparse. Existing school counseling literature was reviewed and journaling as an educational and therapeutic tool was explored and related to the school counseling…

Borrowing from the legacy of feminist and multicultural theories, various counseling fields have applied portions of empowerment theory to their work with oppressed clients. This article examines the main concepts associated with empowerment theory and provides important implications for professional school counselors.

Objective: To test the original factor structure of the Theoretical Evaluation Self Test (TEST) and to assess alternate factor structures. TEST includes the major psychotherapy theories (cognitive-behavioral, family, humanistic, and psychodynamic), ecosystemic and pragmatic approaches, and a cultural competency orientation. Method: Composing the…