Inherent in the current school reform movement is an assumption that good schools are effective schools (Cuban, 1998). Effectiveness is usually defined narrowly in terms of academic achievement. Other purposes of schools related to social justice, developing student social skills, student health, or the personal development of students has not…

This chapter argues that a detailed, grounded understanding of classroom literacy practices as well as of learners' writing is crucial to begin to change the ongoing and patently unequal educational outcomes that schools often produce. It is impossible to intervene realistically and effectively in an evidential vacuum. The 1955 "Brown v.…

This article discusses university efforts to institutionalise community engagement. A seminal study conducted by the Kellogg Commission on the Future of State and Land-Grant Universities expressed concern over the unresponsiveness of institutions of higher education to community issues. Land-grant institutions were established to educate…

Following a discussion of the historical background of the United Kingdom's education system and a brief description of its government department and agencies concerned with vocational education and training, this bulletin describes the United Kingdom's present vocational training provisions. Content is presented in 11 sections under the following…

Describes Colonel Francis Parker's efforts to humanize beginning reading, discussing how they offer guidelines for present day lesson planning. Reveals that his aims were to connect reading with children's interests and backgrounds, with content area studies, and with modes of expression such as speaking, drawing, oral reading, and writing. (SKC)

The author of the 1970 book of educational predictions "Deciding the Future" reexamines educators' expectations of the 1970s, comparing them with actual developments. He finds many prognostications fulfilled, and foresees continuing alterations in curriculum and policy that follow trends started in the l960s. (JG)

Briefly examines fine arts curricula in public schools with relation to Mortimer Adler's Paideia Proposal, whose basic premise is that America has a democratic promise to fulfill--not only that all should be educated, but that all ought to receive the same education. Summaries of the proposal's chapters are presented. (MH)

The history of British colonial educational policies, particularly the adaptation concept in Black Africa, is discussed. "Adaptation" refers to an educational scheme, supposedly adapted to the needs of Black people, completely oriented toward family and community life, and based on recommendations by the 1920-21 and 1924 Phelps-Stokes…

The American Indian student enters the school system with a cultural heritage and set of values appreciably different from that of the educational system itself. This article gives an historic overview of Indian education and values and suggests specific teaching strategies to meet the needs of American Indian students. (Author/LC)

Approximately 150 citations on medical education cover the following topics: accreditation, certification, and licensure; continuing education; current biography and obituary; educational measurement; educational research and evaluation; internship and residency; medical education in other countries; minority groups, sex factors and age factors;…

Provides a brief historical background for the current character education movement. Identifies mandates and support for character education in California's schools and shares implications of the character education movement for California teachers. Includes a list of California's Standards for the Teaching Profession regarding character…

Catharine Macaulay's "Letters on Education" (1790) examined education's effect on the character, morals, and knowledge needed for citizens of both genders. Macaulay's work is described within a sociopolitical context, examining her views on human nature, educated individuals, and moral education and discussing implementation of her…

Recounts the rocky development of a dominant common school system in London, Ontario between 1852 and 1860. Details the support and opposition to the move among the various social, economic, and ethnic groups in the provincial city. Even after the system implementation, school attendance indicated social differentiation. (MJP)

Characterizes U.S. Edward Y. Hartshorne as a "manager of German social recovery." An instructor at Harvard University and protege of sociologist Talcott Parsons, Hartshorne was instrumental in the post-war reopening of German universities. Discusses Hartshorne's activities in military intelligence and psychological warfare, as well as…

Profiles the reeducation and denazification efforts aimed at the training of doctors, lawyers, teachers, and engineers. The efforts espoused few radical innovations and generally supported a return to the well-regarded conditions of the Weimar Republic. These efforts laid the foundation for later reforms in the 1960s. (MJP)