Reports on research and development (R&D) spending and manpower, emphasizing R&D in chemistry and chemical engineering. Data are presented in tables and graphs related to the federal government, industry, universities and colleges, and a total look at United States R&D efforts. (SK)

Financial support for international studies at American campuses has been traditionally provided by external support. A quasi-governmentalization of international education, federal retrenchment, and the need for a commitment of internal resources and leadership are analyzed. Five kinds of international exchanges and how they might affect the…

The role of college lay governing boards in the 1980s is addressed. Focus is on trustees' responsibilities with respect to litigation, government regulation, private gifts and tax reform, academic tenure, faculty unions, interinstitutional cooperation, deferred maintenance of college buildings, accreditation, and public image. (JMD)

Environmental scanning is used as a supplement to or systematic part of college and university planning, to direct movement toward major opportunities and away from important threats. Opportunities and threats can and should be monitored in areas such as annual giving programs, personal solicitations, direct-mail solicitation, phone-a-thons,…

Explores the role of Chicago's (Illinois) philanthropic foundations in the development, passage, and early implementation of the Chicago School Reform Act of 1988. Although foundations played a small role in passage of the act, they became vital to its implementation. Proposes principles for foundations involved in education reform policy. (SLD)

For 25 years, the Trinidad and Tobago nongovernmental organization Servol has bridged differences of class and ideology to forge private and public partnerships that build up the nation by investing in youth given up for lost. Servol has expanded the culture of philanthropy, promoted corporate support of trade schools and apprenticeship programs,…

Presents a case study of institutional response to policy-driven/donor-influenced teacher-education reforms in Zambia, exploring perceptions and reactions of teacher educators as they cope with a new teacher-education paradigm and examining how policy-driven reforms can be at cross-purposes with, and destabilize, the professional beliefs of the…

Describes how database management is applied in fund raising at Jesuit High School in Portland, Oregon. Indicates that a wide variety of details such as constituent groups and special circumstances tied to gifts and pledges must be coordinated, which is best done by a full-time staff person for developmental programs raising $1 million or more.…

Overviews black teachers academic preparation and pedagogical training during the early 20th century revealing a broad range of problems from discriminatory salaries, hiring practices, and state certification practices to de jure segregation, lack of publicly funded facilities, and white hostility. Northern philanthropic initiatives and the…

While foundation support for higher education is expected to remain strong, fundamental changes in giving strategies are influencing which institutions and program types are funded. Trends include increased attention to precollegiate education, less direct support to historically black institutions and more to initiatives supporting cultural…

Reviews positive and negative aspects of corporate involvement in public education, using educational research literature since 1990 and focusing on commercialization of public schools and use of private companies to deliver instructional services or to manage schools. Also explored are value conflicts among supporters and critics of such…

While enrollment and demographic trends worry the higher education community in other states, Utah's higher education future is bright. Financial support from the Mormon Church, high birth rate, strong institutions (both public and private), a cohesive, conservative community, and large potential natural resources give optimism to the state. (MSE)

Discusses funding from foundations as a solution to the financial problems child care centers are encountering. Examines different types of foundations and their basic characteristics, and proposes ideas for identify and pursuing the most appropriate. Suggests that the process of seeking and receiving foundation funding takes time, effort, and…

Research on colleges in Indiana is used to examine how federal, state, private, and institutional financial aid programs and practices interact with each other to determine the total amount of gift-aid a student receives, and how the relationships can dilute or enhance a program's implicit targeting policies. Several case scenarios are used as…

The financial requirements for bringing students at risk of failure into the educational mainstream are explored. Demographics; economics; social costs; roles of state, federal, and local governments; and the private sector are addressed. An additional annual spending of 21 billion dollars would help address this problem. (TJH)