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Ornstein, Allan C.; Gilman, David A. – Contemporary Education, 1991
Explains and contrasts the techniques and philosophies of norm-referenced (NRT) and criterion-referenced tests (CRT). NRTs are criticized for lack of useful information and control. CRTs are usually teacher-made and customized to fit the classroom needs, offering more control over test content, but few teachers are prepared to develop them. (SM)
Descriptors: Criterion Referenced Tests, Elementary Secondary Education, Norm Referenced Tests, Standardized Tests