Counselor trainees rated an audiotaped and role-played intake interview of a female client whose sexual orientation was varied. Subtle forms of heterosexual bias were found through participants' ratings of an unidentifible client. When responding to the ambiguous condition involving the unidentifiable client, 83 percent of the participants assumed…

Examined effects of written v videotaped presentations and effects of model's sex on counselor trainee's production of counselor reacting response leads. Significant differences for qualitative measures were found for videotaped and written models over control. No differences between videotaped and written models or between model's sex were found.…

Discusses and demonstrates how supervisors of therapists can improve their understanding of gender-related communication problems and preferences by listening for the voices of both care and justice in counseling supervision. Advocates literary, deconstructionist method of analysis that can be used to teach therapists and supervisors to notice…

Discusses various types of gender bias in criteria and use of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised (DSM-III-R) by counselors. Provides recommendations for addressing such bias in counselor training. Contends that bias can be minimized to extent that counselors appreciate strengths and limitations of…

Literature pertinent to sex discrimination in educational and vocational counseling is reviewed. Among factors contributing to inequitable counseling are sex role socialization that clients bring to counseling, sex role attitudes and biases of counselors, deficiencies in counselor training, and shortcomings of tests used in counseling practice.…

Summarizes recent literature on sex bias in counseling and challenges counselor educators to increase emphasis on their training programs on sex equity. There is a growing awareness of and commitment to the belief that nonsexist counseling is necessary for optimal growth of clients and for continued development of effective counselors. (Author/BEF)

Responds to previous article by Twohey and Volker (1993) on gender equity in counselor supervision. Notes that Twohey and Volker's claim that differential use of voices of care and justice is gender related does not seem to have clear empirical support. Suggests need for more research evidence before approach advocated in previous article is given…

Responds to previous article by Twohey and Volker (1993) on gender equity in counselor supervision. Sees article as providing useful point of departure for discussing gender bias in supervision and for offering suggestions for supervisors. Discusses article in terms of underlying assumptions, moral development and reasoning, multiple perspectives,…

Examines counseling trainees' responses on free-response dependent measures to two client case vignettes for possible gender bias. Gender bias was found for clients, both women and men, who displayed nontraditional gender-role behavior. Suggests that gender bias continues to exist; increasing sophistication in both training and research is needed…

Explores marriage and family therapy student's inclusion of gender in conceptualization of a clinical case by viewing an intake interview conducted by a sex therapist to identify the couple's central issue. Results revealed that trained students who considered gender might have analyzed gender issues more extensively. Discusses how these biases…

Practicum students estimated the utility of responses reflecting each of three power bases in facilitating behavior change in clients' presenting problems. Results indicated that students with less supervised experience preferred the legitimate and referent power bases. Neither gender nor type of presenting problem affected the students'…

Argues that counselor educators have a responsibility to address gender issues and to find ways that encourage the exploration of these issues. Discusses professional standards and their bearing on gender, proposes models and strategies for incorporating gender issues, outlines a feminist training model, and explores Gender Aware Therapy as a…

Investigated the relationship between age, sex, experience level, attitudes towards women, and dogmatism. Evaluated graduate students (N=544) counseling a female pseudoclient on career choice. Results indicated that counselor trainees did not demonstrate sexist behaviors in counseling. Findings suggest that nonsexist counseling is promoted by…

Used a content analysis of audiotapes of clinical supervisory sessions to examine the effect of supervisee gender (N=20) on the influence strategies used in the clinical supervisory dyad. Results indicate male supervisees were asked for their opinions more than twice as often as female supervisees. Discusses implications for supervisors. (RJM)

Investigates perceptions of counselors-in-training (N=133) of Black, Hispanic, and White male and female adolescents facing a teen pregnancy. After viewing video vignettes, participants indicated that boys would be more encouraged to leave school and work than would girls. Girls were seen as having more control over pregnancy decisions compared to…