In the United States, not only are parents permitted to utilize corporal punishment in disciplining their children, but 19 states still permit the use of corporal punishment in schools. Teachers are legally bound to report suspected maltreatment, yet their school may engage in a discipline practice which they may consider abuse. This potential…

This study examined African American mothers' work socialization messages in relation to adolescents' work-related values. Moderation effects of mother-adolescent relation quality on the linkage between maternal socialization messages and adolescents' outcomes were also examined. Participants were 245 single African American mothers and their…

What is "Creole"? The textbook answer is that the word derives from the Portuguese "crioulo" or Spanish "criollo," from the verb "to create." The term developed out of the colonial experience, and was used as a way to identify those people and things born in the New World from Old World stock. Hence, second generation French or Spanish colonial…

Examines the validity of the White Racial Consciousness Development Scale (WRCDS). Participants (n=260) were administered the WRCDS and another instrument. Results suggest that the WRCDS lacks adequate reliability and concurrent validity and that the findings and future use of the instrument should be questioned. (RJM)

Compares African Americans' manifest dream content with dreams of Anglo-American and Mexican American peers. Some dream elements that were examined included emotions, environmental press, achievement outcomes, and social interactions. Comparisons indicate that African Americans perceive themselves more strongly as victims of their fate rather than…

Examines comparatively how 279 Mexican American, Black, and White American college freshmen in Houston, Texas (1980) perceive themselves according to masculine, feminine, and androgynous measurements. Finds social class more influential than ethnicity/race in determining sex-role behavior of women; the higher the social class, the more homogeneous…