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Trubowitz, Sidney – Phi Delta Kappan, 2000
The Middle School Initiative, an ambitious plan to convert all New York City junior high schools to middle schools, faced numerous obstacles: loss of leadership support, teacher cynicism and resistance, blindness to difficulties, union regulations, pressures for quick results, administrator retirement incentives, and collaboration problems. (MLH)
Descriptors: Administrative Problems, Cooperation, Educational Change, Junior High Schools