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Zajonc, R. B.; And Others – American Sociological Review, 1991
Responds to "Birth Order and Intelligence: Further Tests of the Confluence Model" by Robert D. Retherford and William H. Sewell. Reviews their arguments and suggests that their analyses of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study data support rather than contradict the model. (CJS)
Descriptors: Birth Order, Intelligence Differences, Longitudinal Studies, Mathematical Models

Rodgers, Joseph Lee – Developmental Psychology, 1984
Applies the confluence model to a longitudinal intact family data set. Also tests the data with simple linear models. Results suggest that the confluence model should be rejected as a useful model for these data based on principles of parsimony and predictability. (Author/AS)
Descriptors: Family Characteristics, Family Influence, Family Structure, Intelligence

Retherford, Robert D.; Sewell, William H. – American Sociological Review, 1991
Confluence theory was developed to explain the negative effects of birth order on intelligence. Using aggregate, between-family, within-family, and paired-sibling data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, tests the mathematical form of confluence theory and finds no support for it. Suggests that statistical methods used to fit the model to the…
Descriptors: Birth Order, Goodness of Fit, Intelligence Differences, Intelligence Quotient