Examines the managerial perspectives and skills that public relations practitioners identified as essential to the managerial role, the extent to which those perspectives and skills are present or lacking in practitioners who make the shift from technician to manager, and which areas deserve special attention in the public relations classroom. (MS)

Explores cultural variations in managers' interpretations of a key communicative process: worker participation. Finds that semantic patterns derived from structural analyses indicate cultural differences in meanings managers from five European Community nations attach to the term "participation." Supports two of G. Hofstede's dimensions…