Introduction: Across the world, mathematical expressions are represented very differently in braille. The aim of this study was (1) to gain an overall insight in mathematical braille notations and (2) to investigate how mathematical braille notations support braille readers in reading and comprehending mathematical expressions. Method: Twenty…

Introduction: Audio description (AD) in museums is crucial for making them accessible for people with visual impairments. Nevertheless, there are limited museum-specific AD guidelines currently available. This research examines current varied international practitioner perspectives on museum AD, focusing on imagery, meaning, emotion and degrees of…

Through their bodily interaction with the designed environment, disabled people can detect obstacles and appreciate spatial qualities architects may not be attuned to. While designers in several disciplines acknowledge disabled people as lead or critical users, in architectural practice their embodied experience is hardly recognized as a valuable…

This article describes and analyzes the development of a navigation and orientation system for people with visual impairments as it evolved over three decades. It includes reflections on how users have been involved in the redesign process and illustrates how people with and without disabilities have collaborated to create a more suitable and…

Six teenagers with visual impairments were given a guided tour of an historic site in Belgium and then questioned concerning their spatial representation of the site and remembered information. Analysis revealed that orally presented information did not compensate for visual cues. Findings led to development of a scale model of the site adapted…

A survey of 42 Irish and Belgian blind and partially sighted students (ages 12 to 18) and interviews with 6 Irish and Belgian mathematics teachers found that few of the students took higher-level mathematics examinations, due primarily to mathematical-access difficulties. A computer-based system providing both menu and command (keyboard and voice)…