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An Examination of the Technique of Interpretation in Counseling.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Clark, Arthur J. – Journal of Counseling & Development, 1995
Perceptions of the value and application of interpretation in counseling vary widely among researchers and practitioners. Exploration of interpretation in counseling often presents contradictory opinions and data. Relating counseling theories, propositional and semantic aspects, and attributional theory to interpretation assists in clarifying the…
Descriptors: Attribution Theory, Counseling Techniques, Counseling Theories, Counselor Client Relationship
Interpretation in Group Counseling: Theoretical and Operational Issues.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Clark, Arthur J. – Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 1993
Examines theoretical and practical considerations for interpretation in group counseling. Application issues discussed include interpretation process, providers, recipients, content, depth, timing, and form. Explores theoretical issues and clarifies operational considerations for effective utilization of interpretation in group counseling.…
Descriptors: Counseling Techniques, Counseling Theories, Counselor Qualifications, Counselor Role
Empathy: Implications of Three Ways of Knowing in Counseling
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Clark, Arthur J. – Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, 2004
From a humanistic orientation, Carl Rogers (1964) described 3 ways of knowing with reference to empathic understanding: subjective, interpersonal, and objective. In the context of a threefold perspective of knowledge, the author expands on Rogers's conception of empathy. As a consequence of a conceptual change in the direction of empathy,…
Descriptors: Therapy, Interpersonal Relationship, Counselor Client Relationship, Empathy
Projective Identification as a Defense Mechanism in Group Counseling and Therapy.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Clark, Arthur J. – Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 1997
Examines theoretical aspects of projective identification and suggests procedures for processing projective identification in group counseling and therapy. Discusses projective identification and related defense mechanisms, systems and boundaries, and scapegoating. Some of the stages in processing projective identification include the relationship…
Descriptors: Client Attitudes (Human Services), Coping, Counseling Theories, Counselor Client Relationship