This article reports on a systematic review of literature on the experiences of substitute teachers, also known as casual or relief teachers. This occupational group are an essential part of school improvement efforts, allowing release time for other teachers to participate in professional learning, complete administrative duties, and attend to…

Argues that teacher training institutes, school districts, classroom teachers, and substitute teachers need to clarify and define the role of the substitute. (FL)

Regulations for sick leave and substitute teachers, adopted by the North Carolina State Board of Education, are presented in outline form. Sick leave regulations provide for sick leave eligibility, sick leave earned, leave charges, sick leave accumulation, advancement of sick leave, verification of sick leave, repayment of excessive leave,…

Most school districts expect and accept failure from substitute teachers. Current policies result in little or no student learning in classes taught by minimally qualified substitute teachers who receive low pay and scant recognition. Problems substitute teachers face and steps that might improve their situation are discussed. (PP)

Many recent studies have revealed a dramatic increase in teacher absenteeism. Some findings indicate that absenteeism increases following collective bargaining agreements that provide a set number of days that employees may be compensated for illness. There appears to be a growing public reaction to such absenteeism. A New York study noted that…

The purposes of this paper were to review the literature and examine the available research in the area of the effectiveness of substitute teachers in secondary education; and to identify problems and suggested remedies associated with substitute teaching from the perspectives of school administrators, substitute teachers, and students. The…

Pertinent information concerning the prospects that are available in substitute teaching is presented. The first section deals with the factors contributing to the problem areas within on-call substitute teaching programs. The second section studies possible changes within these problem areas. In each of these sections, the roles and attitudes of…

This article discusses the liability of teachers, administrators, and school systems for actions by substitutes, paraprofessionals, student teachers, and new teachers, examining who is responsible if an individual is negligent. Case examples are provided. Four principles for states where there are no applicable immunity statutes are presented. (SM)