Recent research demonstrates that intelligence is much more complex than can be measured by standardized tests. External sociocultural factors influence the development of intelligence, and a distinction should be made between potential for learning and actual learning. (SK)

An unfolding model was selected for the scores on the Scale of Intellectual Development to take into account that, for stage-based instruments, agreement with a statement first increases as the student approaches the stage represented by the statement, then decreases as the student progresses beyond that stage. (Contains 21 references.) (Author)

Explores the use of common sense testing and measurement as a means of predicting real-world performance. The authors discuss practical versus book knowledge, examine several empirical studies of practical intelligence, describe tacit knowledge and the instruments used for testing it, and present findings from a tacit knowledge research program.…

Reviews the results of four studies included in this issue of "School Psychology Quarterly" which found all four cognitive profile reports lacking reliability, validity, or diagnostic utility. Argues that ipsative methods are inferior to normative methods in cognitive assessment. Recommends that psychologists eschew the application of…

Reviews the D48, a nonverbal analogies test used as a measure of general intelligence. Results of a study with 126 Mexican American and 139 Anglo American 7th graders show the D48 to be reliable, free of slope or intercept bias, a valid indicator of performance on Stanford Achievement subtests, and significantly correlated with both achievement…

Given the paucity of research describing the use of the TONI-3 with urban children with disabilities, a brief review of the literature was conducted. While little relevant research was identified, the use of the TONI-3 was supported in a number of diverse settings. This paper also describes a study designed to examine the validity of the Test of…

The classification of intelligence has been a prime interest to many for over three-quarters of a century. The Wechsler scales of intelligence and the development of factor analysis have both played major roles in the shaping of psychometric thought. An examination of this joint history by means of a review of the factor analytic studies of the…

The book, over half of which consists of appendixes, discusses the identification of gifted and talented students and presents some suggested identification procedures. Topics addressed include factors basic to gifted performance, the interrelationship of identification procedures with curriculum and staff, the relationships between conceptions of…

An historical overview of investigations concerned with delineating the structure and composition of infant intellectual activity is presented. Earlier conceptualizations characterized infant intelligence as a unitary trait or factor. Recent studies contend that infant intellectual activity is comprised of varied sets of relatively independent…

This paper examines reports of empirical research on Feuerstein's "Instrumental Enrichment" (FIE) as a method of teaching thinking skills and asks what can be concluded from these reports with regard to: (1) the nature and statistical reliability observed FIE effects and (2) the "amount" of FIE for effects to appear.…

This article reviews Raymond B. Cattell's important contributions to intelligence testing and the theory of intelligence. His theory of fluid and crystallized intelligences and other high-order factors of cognitive ability has offered the most well-founded and reasonable approach to an acceptable theory. (Author/BS)

Reviews the arguments supporting and opposing the idea that human intelligence can be improved. Research on the hereditary and environmental determinants of intelligence is examined. Problems in defining and measuring intelligence are discussed. (AM)

The question of how to integrate developmental (Piagetian) and psychometric conceptions and assessments of intelligence is considered. A solution which incorporates the contributions of each position--intelligence as forms and as traits--is offered. Premises and objectives of each tradition are reviewed and compared. Overlaps make synthesis…

Current issues of multicultural concern include language, nonverbal communication, cognitive styles, and intelligence testing. Discussions about court mandates and research findings are included. Teacher attitudes and the responsibility of schools of education are examined. (JN)

A brief review of these tests is provided, and it is concluded that the procedures possess a number of characteristics that make the evaluation of change in intelligence a tenuous proposition. (Author)