The following articles on second language learning are collected here: (1) "Second-Language Study: Historical Background and Current Status" by Kenneth D. Chastain; (2) "The Value of Second-Language Learning" by Gilbert A. Jarvis; (3) "Psychology and Linguistics as Bases for Language Pedagogy" by Wilga M. Rivers; (4) "Differentiation of Language…

Various views of clinical supervision are analyzed and examined. The "process" definition of clinical supervision emphasizes an eight-step cycle of supervision. Clinical supervision as "concept" is also considered and seven conceptual elements are examined. (JN)

This paper summarizes research on teacher attitudes and performance under clinical supervision. The literature for comparative studies of inservice personnel (not student teachers) in elementary and secondary schools was extensively searched. The 19 complete and 4 in-progress studies reported are grouped as follows: (1) attitudes toward…

Explains why and how organizational development can be effective at improving performance and job satisfaction in schools and maintains that the person most likely to apply it effectively is the instructional supervisor. (JM)

A synopsis of characteristics of effective English as a second language teachers (in the areas of knowledge, skills, and attitudes) is presented as well as a discussion of appropriate approaches (interaction analysis versus assumed teacher competencies) for evaluating teachers. (Author/CB)

This review of the literature highlights research-based ways to improve schools and classrooms. Emphasis is on student time-on-task, effective teacher behaviors, and positive teacher supervision. (JM)

This paper reviews the major studies and reports about the development and reform of teacher education over the past century, focusing on the chronic issues and recurring themes in this body of literature. Part 1 reviews the historical development of teacher education in America over four periods: advancement and transformation from normal schools…

Literature on the efficacy of university faculty as supervisors of student teachers reveals the general opinion that university supervisors have a low impact on student teachers, and that their role is secondary to that of cooperating teachers. A cause for this is the lack of training to help student teachers respond appropriately to certain…

Literature is reviewed and research is proposed on the supervision of teaching. The literature review on administrative theory in business and education reveals three periods of thought: a period when theories of supervision focused on the producer (the worker or teacher), a period when theories focused on the supervisor-producer relationship, and…

To aid beginning New Mexico vocational agriculture teachers, the New Mexico State Department of Vocational Education initiated two activities: developing a first-year handbook to provide direction and guidance and making a visit to beginning teachers before the start of school. Beginning teachers indicated that both activities have been helpful.…

Describes integrated learning systems (ILSs) and discusses issues facing school administrators when supervising teachers who are using these systems. Topics discussed include ILS impact on student achievement; use by regular as well as disadvantaged students; curriculum integration; research on varied-ability students; software development and…

This report offers guidance to those involved in bilingual education who may be or may want to mentor novice teachers in the field. The concept of mentoring is defined, and issues of mentoring implementation and alternatives in bilingual education are discussed, such as language of instruction, culture and instruction, language and cognitive…

A study was made to determine the effects of long-term, daily supervision which employed interaction analysis procedures on the teaching behavior and interactions of four elementary school physical education teachers. Repeated, daily, multiple observations were recorded for each subject's teaching behavior and interaction patterns in the movement…

Draws on theory and research from education, counseling, and social work to form some preliminary conclusions regarding how race and ethnicity might affect the supervisory relationship. Calls on educational practitioners to fill the research gap on how diversity affects the process of supervision. (Contains 46 footnotes.) (AUTHOR/WFA)

This paper presents a social reconstructionist model of supervision. The model connects schools and society, and considers the vital role teachers, students, staff, and others play in developing, designing, and implementing reforms in school and society. The model is based on the philosophy of social reconstructionism, which views schools as…