Educators must create learning opportunities to stimulate older adults and allow them to develop. These educators must also operationalize self-fulfillment in adult education. Research and theory indicate that cognition is an adaptive process and elders who practice learning activities will maintain their abilities. Further, research and theory of…

This paper explores socioeconomic and cultural conditions that predispose black women to choose paths to non-traditional gender roles and life choices more often than white women. Acknowledged is a need for scholars and researchers to look at the lives of black women, not from the dominant, white, male-centered scholarship model but from the…

Summaries of arguments given in the literature both for and against the use of verbal-traditional psychotherapy with mentally retarded individuals is presented. Much research examines process variables in therapy as an approach. Feedback variables are crucial. Results of a research study in which therapy groups composed of mentally retarded adults…

A study of university students suggests a complex shift in the meaning of "success" since the early 1970s. New definitions emphasize the following: (1) need for varied skills and adaptable personalities; (2) expectation of multiple career paths; (3) rejection of traditional ideas of success; and (4) hard work as a prescription for life. (PS)

This article on the research and educational implications of self-concept discusses definitions, methods, theoretical orientations, developmental conditions, correlates, changes and changeability, and pedagogical consequences of self-concept. (PN)

Increasing evidence supports the idea that client expectancies have a large impact on counseling relationships, processes, and outcomes. Research and theories regarding expectancies are examined in this paper. Albert Bandura's theory of self-efficacy is discussed first to provide a background for understanding the significance of efficacy…

This paper discusses bell hooks' book of 15 short essays, "Teaching To Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom," which gathers hooks's central beliefs about the political purposes of higher education. The paper describes hooks' own lack of models for the kind of classroom she wished to create as a young teacher and her initial…

This article reviews research literature on mental practice and preparation for motor performance and research on the effect of specific mental preparation strategies on skilled performance. Strategies discussed include imagery, self-efficacy statements, attentional focus, preparatory arousal, and relaxation. (Author/CJ)

Various education theories are examined to explain the child's need for a Mediated Learning Experience (MLE), an interaction with another human who interprets the world. Five criteria of MLEs are described, and types of deprivation and their results are discussed. (MJB)

Examines elements in developing a positive self-image: recognizing personal assets; developing positive beliefs about life; and caring for others. It is not the job that brings satisfaction, but the person you are that you bring to your vocation. You can improve that person and, while doing so, enjoy the experience. (Author)

Explores continuity between the philosophical positions: French poststructuralist Gilles Deleuze and John Dewey. Aims to open up consideration of Deleuze's philosophy to educational theory and practice in the context of current debates and in line with Dewey's legacy. Concludes the paper by affirming Deleuze's place in the contemporary scholarship…

This paper is a philosophical analysis of Heidegger and Nietzsche's approach to metaphysics and the associated problems of nihilism. Discusses the two philosophers offer a critique of Humanism while upholding education as the wellspring of values in society. Concludes that ethical evaluation of new forms of knowledge is crucial to human…

This holistic approach to speechreading instruction proposes: enhancement of the child's self-motivation, strategy-based instruction, an interactive processing approach that focuses on meaning and psycholinguistic guessing, bisensory instruction, and a hierarchical continuum beginning with easy, successful activities that gradually increase in…

Argues that outdoor education is, in its own right, a creative form of learning. Draws parallels between stages of personal development in real life and in caving (as an example of outdoor education). Includes citations from Maslow's work that are applicable to outdoor and adventure education activities. Notes the importance of preparing outdoor…

Examines the impact of counselors' spiritual well-being on the spiritual well-being of patients in their clinical care. Results indicate that the values of wisdom and loving from the Rokeach Value Survey and self-acceptance from the Personal Orientation Inventory account for approximately half of the spiritual well-being variance. Follow-up…