A critique is offered of three papers on the student's role in learning. The first, by Robert Sternberg and Richard Wagner, makes connections between cognitive processing of information and the metacognitive processing of one's own approach to a situation and the information contained therein. The second, by Deborah Stipek, implies that…

Improving student motivation and self-concept is now an important concern of principals. Positive results arise from such diverse theories as Skinner's positive reinforcement techniques or Maslow's self-actualization model. Although evidence on cause and effect of motivation is scarce, it does seem likely that motivation is related to student…

Five implications are drawn from the literature on effective reading instruction for students speaking nonstandard dialects: avoid criticism and over-correction, develop oral English first, include the language experience approach as one basic method, utilize directed reading activities in content classes, and provide a variety of media for…

Addresses the problem of how to motivate revision of papers, such as informational reports, whose topics generate low student interest. Suggests stimulating activities, varied approaches to assigning and presenting topics, and gives examples of some successful assignments. (JG)

The literature review organizes research of the National Technical Institute for the Deaf concerning characteristics of successfully mainstreamed hearing-impaired students in terms of: family background; previous educational experience; cognitive skills; motivation; speech, hearing, and communication skills; previous course grades, lecture…

Problems of a process approach to English for specific purposes courses for "convergent" academic disciplines are illustrated with an example of science instruction. Course designers must undertake task analysis of the intellectual abilities used in learning activities and relate these to the intellectual abilities of language learners. (Author/CB)

A causal model of a cycle of student performance is proposed. Two investigations were conducted in Australia, studying individuals and classrooms. Attitudes toward, and achievement in, mathematics and science were measured. The roles of attentiveness and teachers' use of time were also studied. (GDC)

This study examined the theoretical and research literature pertaining to culture learning in language education programs, focusing on whether studies existed that could support or challenge current language education practices regarding the teaching of culture; provide guidance to language educators on effective culture teaching methods; suggest…

Self-regulation consists of the metacognitive processes, behavioral skills, and associated motivational beliefs that underlie youths growing self-confidence and personal resourcefulness in acquiring the skills needed for adulthood. This chapter discusses the role of school organization in the attainment of self-regulation in terms of four levels…

This article adopts a motivational stance in identifying factors that strongly predict physical activity in children. One model for understanding physical activity motivation in children portrays the sources and consequences of self-esteem for physical activity behavior (perceived competency/adequacy, social support, enjoyment, and physical…

Examines the literature on the impact of school desegregation on three areas of personality: self-evaluation and racial identity, self-esteem and self-concept, and motivation for achievement. Available from Duke University Press, Box 6697 College Station, Durham, NC 27708. (Author/IRT)

Discusses criteria that can be used to determine whether it would be effective to integrate computers into classroom instruction. Highlights include improving the quality of instruction; the use of appropriate courseware for difficult subjects, such as algebra and chemistry; drills and practice; improving motivation; and the role and effectiveness…

Studies of Mexican American students and classroom interaction are reviewed and critiqued from a perspective based on the work of Lev Vygotsky. Research suggests that Mexican American student involvement can be promoted through collaborative learning techniques, acceptance of student language use, and the use of material related to student…

Explains how one college student overcame the barriers of living in an isolated, rural area of Tasmania (Australia) to achieve his goal of a career in flying. Stresses the importance of schools encouraging not only student retention but also the formulation of students' personal visions and goals. (LP)

Nearly 140 studies of motivation in African Americans were reviewed. The review is organized around five topics that are subsumed under three assumptions about the relationship between ethnic minority status and motivation. African Americans appear to maintain a belief in personal control, have high expectancies, and enjoy positive self-regard.…