The upward differentiation of occupation-specific education and training to postcompulsory levels in developed nations has been replicated in newly industrializing countries and is being considered by some developing countries. These educational reforms comprise structural changes in sponsorship, finance, delivery, and locus of occupational…

Focuses on the different institutions that provide postcompulsory education and training around the world. Summarizes international patterns of governance and organization, enrollment trends, financing methods, faculty characteristics, and curricula for short cycle education. (MAB)

Reviews and critiques past research that investigated the effects of various types of day-care provisions on the development of preschool children. Argues that, in view of the diversity of provisions offered in different countries, simple global generalizations about the effects of out-of-home preschool experiences on later development cannot be…

Contends that the current condition of higher education in the Arab world is gloomy. Argues that international and domestic politics are the primary reason for this assessment. Predicts that improvement will not come until the political issues within the region are settled. (CFR)

Examines the role of higher education as the European Community moves toward economic, monetary, and political union. Reviews several programs designed to bring more uniformity and equality to educational opportunities in all member nations. Concludes that higher education has assumed a leadership role in bringing about political and economic…

New Zealand's Education Review Office and England's Office for Standards in Education attempt to construct school failure as the clear responsibility of schools in order to gain ideological power as agents of accountability. These "politics of blame" are contested in both settings by an alternative "contextual" claim involving…

Presenting recent educational reforms in New Zealand and the impact they have had on teachers, this paper gives a brief overview of the historical position of teachers in an education system that categorized them in a particular way as "professionals." Beginning in 1987, changes within New Zealand government have caused a repositioning…

This book analyses the debate on the structure of higher education in Germany, France, Sweden, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, and Australia during the past 3 decades. Structural patterns or models are systematized and the way in which different countries have solved their problems in organizing higher education are…

A review of research in the United Kingdom reveals that multicultural education does little to remove the employment obstacles which confront black youth; instead, racist practices operating in the recruitment and selection of labor play a significant part in determining the life changes of ethnic minorities. Multicultural education in the United…

An introductory essay and an annotated bibliography concerning foreign students are presented in this issue of the Bulletin of the International Bureau of Education (IBE), along with an annotated bibliography on recent publications dealing with educational innovations, which was prepared by the International Educational Reporting Service (IERS),…

The social stratification process is analyzed from a theoretical point of view, with assumptions tested with empirical evidence from the International Institute for Educational Planning project in developing countries or with information obtained through the researcher's prior studies on industrialized countries. The significant, and often…

The higher girls' schools in Japan from 1895-1926 are related to the family structure and cycle, the role of the wife and mother, the relationship between the sexes, and the relationship between generations. The higher girls' schools (comparable to secondary education), were created for the families of middle class society. They fostered the good…

This bulletin contains English translations of two original research papers dealing with education in Japan. Summaries in English of research activities of the Japanese National Institute for Educational Research (NIER) are also included. The first research paper is a "Survey of Opinions Concerning the Reform of Compulsory Education."…

The paper presents an overview of developments within the discipline of psychology from the early 19th century until the 1980s. Emphasis is placed on differences between Soviet and American schools of psychology teaching and research and on the possible role of Western European psychologists in bridging the gap between these divergent approaches.…

The document discusses the highly developed, diversified, and decentralized system of education in Switzerland. Because of the political, geographic, and linguistic diversity of education in Switzerland, this brief report is limited to major characteristics and patterns of education common to most Swiss cantons. Topics of the report include school…