Discusses study of tenth and eleventh graders that was undertaken to determine how paid employment influences the behavior and attitudes of adolescents. Topics discussed include the development of responsibility, isolation from adults, negative effects of working, and West Germany's system of apprenticeship combined with part-time schooling. (10…

Findings from the first four annual survey rounds of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 provided data on employment experiences of a nationally representative sample of about 9,000 young men and women born during 1980-84. The survey indicated that the percent of students employed in employee jobs during any week of the 1999-2000 school…

This report uses data from the 1995-96 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study to profile undergraduates who were enrolled in U.S. postsecondary institutions in the academic year 1995-96. The report begins with an essay that explores the extent to which undergraduates work while they are in school. This essay found that 79 percent of…

The Netherlands has been characterized by highly differentiated secondary education, with separate practical, vocational, secondary, and pre-university institutions. Over time, these have converged somewhat. Well-thought-out vocational and adult programs emphasize providing skills needed in the workplace. At least part-time education is compulsory…

In a survey of 28,000 high school seniors, researchers found that 21,000 (75 percent) were in the labor force. The average number of hours worked per week was 16.4. The study identified the characteristics of the students and their schools that affect part-time work: (1) the higher the wage rate, the more likely a student was to work more hours…

Research findings regarding the impact of financial aid on the academic lives of college students, their grades, their academic loads, and their persistence are summarized. The five areas of financial aid studied are parental support, scholarships and grants, loans, work, and aid packages. (Author/JMD)

The United Kingdom higher education system is being encouraged to provide opportunities for students to acquire key skills/employability skills and to become better learners with a greater awareness of their individual learning needs, including the need to develop habits that will lead to lifelong learning. A number of issues need to be resolved…

Variables that influence growth and change in educational outcomes in the last 2 years of high school were studied using data from the High School and Beyond (HSB) study. The HSB study provided a database of thousands of variables for about 30 students from each of 1,000 randomly selected high schools in the United States in their sophomore and…

Data derived from a National Center for Education Statistics study of 58,728 high school sophomores and seniors, entitled "High School and Beyond," was used to describe youth employment experiences and attitudes. The data showed that employment is common among high school students and seems to be an integral part of adolescence;…

Part-time campus employment benefits the student, not only financially, but by helping to clarify career goals, and by providing an opportunity to apply classroom learning to work settings. Students gain a sense of themselves as workers, coming to know their skills, interests and limitations. Job placement prospects, whether for temporary or…

The effects of work-based learning on student achievement were examined by analyzing data from the 1996 High Schools That Work (HSTW) assessment. The comparison focused on the experiences of 12th-graders in structured work-based learning programs and 12th-graders with after-school jobs. A larger percentage of students earning school credit for…

For many youths, the early years in the labor market are characterized not by an absence of jobs but rather by a "churning" process that often delays the benefits of high school educational experiences for several years. Youth apprenticeship programs should be designed to serve as a strategy/vehicle of school reform, function as a labor market…

A review of 110 studies of bilingualism and bilingual education or related topics focuses on investigations of the effects of bilingual education and bilingualism on the academic and cognitive development of children and young adults. The review is divided into sections covering: speaking; listening; writing and language skills; reading; general…

The literature on work placements in education and training courses and current Australian practice related to work placements was reviewed. The review focused on the school, university, and vocational education and training (VET) sectors. The following major issues were considered: lack of a common name and common body of literature; purposes of…

The evolution of Germany's dual apprenticeship system and the challenges now facing it were reviewed. The following topics were considered: (1) the progression from craft guilds to vocational training; (2) the history of Germany's dual apprenticeship system from its organization in the 1970s; (4) apprenticeship in the dual system; (3) Germany's…