The author argues that particular theories tend to harmonize with certain values and beliefs and to clash with others. Further, theories may reflect the dominant values of a certain culture or a time, not to mention those of individual theorists or groups of theorists. In exploring the nonscientific side of certain theories, the author begins by…

This article reviews Allan Bloom's 1987 book, THE CLOSING OF THE AMERICAN MIND: HOW HIGHER EDUCATION HAS FAILED DEMOCRACY AND IMPOVERISHED THE SOULS OF TODAY'S CHILDREN. Compares Bloom's book with THE HIGHER LEARNING IN AMERICA, a 1930s book by Mortimer Adler and Robert Hutchins. (JDH)

Research in the area of environmental attitudes and natural resource use during the past century was reviewed. The three periods of greatest historical interest parallel the chronology of the movement itself. A preservation-utilitarian division and historiographical themes of conflict and consensus are reflected by its historians. (Author/AM)

Examines how the physically disabled have been depicted in American literature over the years, from the nineteenth century association of disability with moral culpability, to the post-Civil War image of the cripple as victim, to the more recent portrayal of the cripple as survivor and hero. (MJL)

Describes recent cases of high school book banning illustrating patterns of censorship in the United States. The author examines reasons for book banning, the motivations behind this kind of censorship, and the ideological orientation of groups responsible for it. A bibliography of information on censorship is included. (AM)

Considers the ethical framework for personal opinions and public policies dealing with immigration and alien residents in the U.S. The author outlines 13 issues to be resolved as a guide to readers searching for a philosophical response to the problem. (AM)

A discussion of philanthropy as a field of study reviews major books and essays on the subject and lists academic centers and programs and national philanthropic organizations. (MSE)

Organizations frequently pursue legitimacy through a variety of substantive and symbolic practices. However, legitimacy is a social judgment that is ultimately accorded the organization by its constituents. Analysis suggests that attempts to increase legitimacy may trigger a series of vicious circles that ultimately decrease legitimacy. (90…

A review of how the history of education in Colombia has been analyzed shows that the privileged sources for this task have been educational policies and legislation, along with the ideas and the works of teachers and masters, official statistics on coverage and growth of the educational system, as well as the school texts from the different areas…

This study explored the model of feminist frameworks offered by Jagger and Struhl (1978) in the women's sport setting. The framework offers a classification of models of feminism (Liberalism, Marxism, Radicalism, and Socialism) describing the forms of women's oppression and offers a solution for eliminating such oppression. The Jaggen and Struhl's…

A literature and research review regarding the participation of boys in elementary school dance programs suggests that negative attitudes held in the early part of this century about the value of dancing for boys may still influence the nonparticipation of boys in dance programs of the 1980s. (CB)

Provides sociological analysis of recent documents on social education in Scotland. Argues that sociological theory underpinning prescriptions for social education takes no account of social inequalities and social conflict in both education and society. Explores contradictions between social education and meritocratic individualism. Discusses…

This article traces the development of the concept and roles of literacy in Western civilization. Current concern about declining literacy in American students is discussed historically in terms of (1) rising literacy standards; (2) applying the standards and tastes of traditional elites to the larger population; and (3) the perennial…

Reviews the 1984 book of Bernard Semmel, "John Stuart Mill and the Pursuit of Virtue." (JDH)

Reviews Alvin Moore Jr.'s 1983 translation of Tage Lindbom's "The Tares and the Good Grain." (JDH)