The relationship between spirituality, and counseling and psychotherapy has been given increased attention in recent years. The author suggests that the teachings of Alfred Adler may assist counselor educators in integrating faith and learning in an unimposing manner respectful of religious tenets, focusing on spirituality, which can include…

Various studies have related superstition to religion, describing the two terms synonymously. However, religion is a highly variable construct which must be measured more discriminately. In this study, superstition was examined in relation to God Concepts, locus of control, and Spiritual Well-Being. Results obtained from 151 Christian…

A literature review focused on vocational themes in relation to the Christian church's role in career guidance and development: vocational guidance as a church responsibility; the dignity of occupations; leisure as an aspect of work; women's career development; and occupation for older adults. The review concluded that literature on the topic has…

Empirical research and vocational theory indicate that values are important in career counseling and vocational choice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of career values to Christian religious values as they might be assessed in career counseling. Results indicate that there was some overlap between religious and…

Examines what theology in the Jewish and Christian traditions says about understanding older people and their purpose in life of society and the religious community. Draws implications of such theological understanding for religious education. Discusses three common historic themes: the blessing of age, aging and the justice of God, and the…

Examines the emerging professional specialty of Christian counseling in light of its development, theoretical underpinning, training, and roles. Also examines the various approaches to Christian counseling and presents a rationale for classifying Christian counseling as a separate specialty. (Contains 32 references.) (Author/GCP)

This paper attempts to set the record straight with regard to the following assumptions: (1) the Africans of the antiquities of Ethiopia and Egypt were black people; and (2) the same black people developed the foundation that provides the basis for the so-called major Western religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. There are two parts to…

Traces the historical path of Christian Humanism and suggests that today they are isolated from the main body of humanists. Proposes that it is appropriate for present-day humanists to actively include Christian Humanists into their group. Contends that this action is timely and prudent because of the sizable numbers of Christian Humanists.…

This literature review presents an overview of Christian higher education in the United States with particular attention to philosophical trends and their influence on institutions of Christian origin. This literature review is situated in the context of the discussion of the need, or lack thereof, for helping students integrate their faith with…

Reviews of five books are presented. Topics are public property and private power (Hartog, 1983), essays on Julius Caesar (Blits, 1982), changes in the American political system (Shafer, 1983), the spiritual crisis in western civilizations (Harrington, 1983), and justice, pluralism and equality (Walzer, 1983). (JDH)

This paper examines in detail how the Western type of education was introduced and developed among the Igbo at the primary or elementary stage during the colonial period in Africa. (Author)

Interviews were carried out with seven counselor trainers from British universities to explore the possible use of Christian prayer in mainstream counseling. Results showed that covert prayer is of benefit as a means of grounding the counselor, a frame of reference for understanding counseling, and as a way of upholding the client. (Contains 19…

Key objectives in Christian counseling are described and the counseling process is reviewed in the light of these objectives. Clients are assumed to be self-directing and responsible for their behavior, including those behavior changes facilitated by counselors. Buddhist and non-sectarian responses are also presented. (Author/BEF)

A key area of difficulty for those engaged in pastoral counseling often concerns the adequate integration of pastoral, psychological and spiritual concepts and resources. Proposes that existing forms of Christian pastoral counseling will benefit through a deeper use of spiritual resources drawing both on transpersonal psychology and the tradition…

After September 11, 2001, complaints were voiced around the world, including by the U.S. government, that Saudi Arabian schools demonize the West and the "other." Senior Saudi government spokesmen also acknowledged this as a problem, and have repeatedly pledged that reform is underway or completed. This report was written in response to…