Many teachers resist staff development programs because they believe that "staff development" is a euphemism for "staff evaluation" and are suspicious of an administration collecting quantitative material on teaching for any reason. Similarly, there exists a competitiveness among teachers that precludes complete trust. In recent years, an increase…

The intent of this study was to discover if education is experiencing the problems medicine has encountered as a specialized profession. An analysis of supply and demand studies shows continuing high demand for and moderate shortages of educational specialists. Both generalists and specialists are concerned about defining and delimiting roles and…

Suggests that the European perspective on adult second language learning provides important background information for adapting such instruction for American adults. Factors discussed include: adults' specific learning biographies; motivation; learning styles; individual differences; teacher-student partnerships; language skill development and…

Summarizes existing outdoor education literature, identifying its values and the purpose it serves in the educational curriculum. Explores general goals of education, explains how outdoor education can help achieve these goals, and cites the need for training teachers in outdoor education. Concludes with a summary and recommendations for science…

Major changes in the workplace have profound implications for education systems. School-to-work reform, in response to the changing educational and training needs of the work force, emphasizes the importance of an "all aspects of an industry" approach to learning. This approach integrates vocational and academic education for the purpose…

This literature review discusses the importance of technology to support teachers' professional development. Section 1, "Technology and Professional Development," highlights technology capacity of America's schools; barriers to effective technology use and professional development (e.g., lack of teacher training and lack of hardware and…

This global literature review examines 47 refereed journal articles dealing with the initial and ongoing professional development of teachers during 1987-1997. Professional development is defined as a self-actualized, self-motivated, proactive approach to teacher education that centers on the growth of teachers in affective, collaborative, and…

This paper provides a literature review, staff development information, and a guidebook for elementary administrators and educators that explains the academic benefits of Transitional Bilingual Education (TBE) for prekindergarten through fifth grade students. TBE allows limited English speaking students to learn a second language while being…

Summarizes national studies relating staff education/training to child care quality. Finds that more training/education yields higher quality, but no study identifies the most effective dimensions of training/education for improving teacher behavior or child outcomes. Suggests that a common nomenclature for education/training is needed for…

Presents an overview of how computer assisted learning (CAL) techniques are being used within Singapore's educational system. Topics discussed include CAL in universities and elementary and secondary schools; the role of the Ministry of Education; computer education for teachers; and future possibilities, including courseware development and…

Examines issues related to the way a teacher acting as instructional designer deals with the content or knowledge base of the instructional materials being developed, including the nature of knowledge, learners' schemata, organization of content, facilitating abstract thinking, and standards of accuracy for knowledge representation. (24…

Discusses the relationship between educational theory and teacher professional knowledge. The paper presents eight criteria specifying types of educational inquiry processes which teacher educators and educational researchers must foster as a context for their activities. (SM)

Reviews research on teaching in physical education, particularly from the past 15 years. The article considers the research methodology employed and examines research related to instructional effectiveness, classroom ecology, and cognition and decision making. Future directions with implications for researchers, teachers, and educators are…

This Dwight D. Eisenhower Mathematics and Science Education in-service project in northwest Indiana, based on a contextual constructivist perspective, sought to enhance science learning by improving science teaching in grades K-8. Elementary and middle school teachers from urban, suburban, and rural public and parochial schools attended a summer…

This report provides policymakers and administrators in state departments of education and local education agencies, personnel developers in institutions of higher education, professional organizations representing different disciplines, and unions and other stakeholders with information they can build on to address issues and practices…