This annotated bibliography focuses on works that examine areas in which the physical educator can improve the administration of physical fitness tests in the elementary and secondary schools. The first part contains annotations that examine modifications of existing components which measure aspects of muscular and cardiovascular endurance. The…

The literature in this annotated bibliography was selected to identify and interpret the holistic value of physical education within the general school curriculum and to illustrate the necessity of physical education as a major course of study. The first group of studies cited in the bibliography focuses on the historical development of physical…

Physical education programs at the nursery and elementary school levels should stress the development and refinement of fundamental movement patterns and a wide variety of sport skills instead of dealing with specialized skill development through refined performance experiences. The developmental model of physical education is based on the…

The need for ongoing evaluation of physical education programs in the context of the total school curriculum is discussed, and the following objectives of physical education are identified: 1) development of attitudes toward physical activity based on individual student needs; 2) experience in physical ability; 3) knowledge about physical ability;…

In studies dealing with classroom environment, functions and meanings of teacher interventions, and student behavior, several variables reflect teacher effectiveness. Presage variables concern the characteristics of the teacher; product variables concern the outcomes of teaching; and process variables concern the activities of teaching. Studies…

There is agreement among most physical education professionals that the quality of graduate programs in physical education must be more closely monitored. There is general agreement that graduate degree programs in physical education are being offered by some institutions that have inadequate faculties, inadequate facilities, and inadequate…

A study of the problems ensuing from the growth of intercollegiate athletics during the 1920's into monumental fund-raising events reveals striking social parallels between that time and the present day. This paper examines the social and economic conditions that contributed to the "sports boom" of the Twenties and comments on the similarities…

The "School Health Index" is a self-assessment and planning guide that will enable schools to: (1) identify the strengths and weaknesses of school policies and programs for promoting health and safety; (2) develop an action plan for improving student health and safety, and (3) involve teachers, parents, students, and the community in improving…

Argues that action research can evaluate the effectiveness of multicultural education in physical education teacher education. Following a review of theories used to explain the differential achievement levels of diverse students and a description of contemporary conceptualizations of multicultural education, this paper describes and advocates an…

Discusses pedagogy in physical education teacher education, noting its definition as a problem and some suggested solutions. The paper examines three pedagogies (performance, critical, and postmodern), claiming they are defined by different discourses, each one in response to problems that can be understood by analyzing the process of problem…

Discussion of research on student teaching experiences and the process of producing effective physical educators examines: origins of student teaching in teacher education, cooperating teacher/supervisor interactions with student teachers, content of teacher-student interactions, reasons for participating in the process, and ways to enhance the…

American sport stresses the outward aspects of participation such as outcomes, rewards, goals, and winning; Eastern thought and movement forms emphasize the inner and spiritual aspects of human movement such as self-realization, spontaneity, body awareness, and enlightenment. In relating Eastern thought and movement forms to Western sport, five…

This monograph presents a discussion of the problems involved in implementing sex-fair coeducational classes in physical education. Suggestions, which grew out of a symposium on coeducational physical education, are offered on procedures that may be used for ability grouping, such as what type of test(s) are appropriate and when to use single or…

This article adopts a motivational stance in identifying factors that strongly predict physical activity in children. One model for understanding physical activity motivation in children portrays the sources and consequences of self-esteem for physical activity behavior (perceived competency/adequacy, social support, enjoyment, and physical…

A feminist discussion of the interconnected nature of homophobia and sexism in women's sport examines the origins of the lesbian stereotype, political functions of homophobia in a sexist culture, manifestations of homophobia in women's sport, and suggestions for confronting homophobia in women's sport. (SM)