This review of the research on listening offers general guidelines to help teachers be more effective listeners and to help them teach their students more effective listening skills. The process of listening is discussed according to three components, attentiveness, understanding, and evaluation, which are viewed as occurring sequentially,…

This article advances an attributional theory of motivation and emotion, with achievement strivings as the theoretical focus. Causes of success and failure share three common properties: locus, stability, and controllability. Stability of causes influences changes in expectancy of success. Expectancy and affect guide motivated behavior.…

This paper discusses infant attachment, which it defines as a long-lasting emotional bond revealed when a child under stress seeks out and tries to stay close to a specific figure. The paper addresses: (1) What is attachment? Who are the pioneers in attachment theory?; (2) How do we notice attachment in action?; (3) Is attachment the only…

This book discusses the poor self-image of children with learning disabilities, reviews the history of identifying and serving children with learning disabilities, and addresses the need to serve children who are failing in school but do not qualify as having a learning disability. The book emphasizes the role and responsibility of the school for…

Discusses the developmental needs of foster children when they are seperated from their natural parents. Examines stages of separation trauma, including shock, protest, despair, and detachment. Notes suggestions for counseling with foster children, including a foster parent's and educator's view. (RC)

Discusses marriage and divorce myths and their relationship. Describes social support for the divorce myth including the legal system, church, economic factors, and research. Offers alternatives to the divorce myth and suggestions for counselors working with divorcing couples with children. (RC)

Questions how musical events educate, examining the debate between emotional and cognitive responses. Compiles arguments from musicoaesthetic and musicotherapeutic discourses. Identifies limitations in each line of reasoning as it explores how the musical experience is located in the self. Suggests a relationship between voice and mood. Offers…

Explores the notion of imaginative development. Defines imagination through a review of literature of music, religion, and aesthetics. Suggests that imagination precedes creativity and involves perception, intuition, thinking, and feeling. Describes a developmental sequence based on research. Proposes ways to cultivate imagination through music.…

Presents a population-based, case-control study of nearly lethal suicide attempts with 153 cases and 513 controls. Results indicate that moving in the past year is positively associated with a nearly lethal suicide attempt, as are specific characteristics of the move. Findings confirm and extend prior research by demonstrating a relationship…

Group counseling has been used with a wide range of people who have physical disorders including psychosomatic conditions, sensory (visual and auditory) disabilities, neuromuscular and orthopedic impairments, and life-threatening diseases. The needs and concerns of these people can be generally delineated as physical, psychological, social,…

A fundamental problem in social cognition and person perception is the issue of consistency in impressions. Some conditions encourage people to stereotype others while other conditions encourage people to abandon their stereotypes. A study was conducted to identify the different kinds of eliciting conditions for piecemeal vs. stereotype processing…

The paper defines the term "culture shock" and discusses the changes that this state can make in a person's behavior. Culture shock refers to the emotional and physiological reaction of high activation that is brought about by sudden immersion in a new culture. Because one's own culture shields one from the unknown and reduces the need to make…

A theoretical outline for an ideal or constructed type for the concept of "love" is presented. According to the definition presented, there are five basic elements or indicators which are sufficient conditions for the existence of love in its broadest sense: empathy, desire for the presence of the other, sharing, sacrifice and joy. Under…

This document presents a theory of how the psychology and neurobiology of stimulus appraisal influence variability in second language acquisition, and extends the notion of affect developed for second language acquisition to primary language acquisition and to cognition in general. The first chapter lays out a psychological framework that develops…

Two decades in which educators have seriously tried to eradicate bullying in schools have met with only modest success. Moreover, bullying is no longer being viewed exclusively as a problem for schools and school children. This book examines bullying behavior in a wide range of settings, including kindergartens and schools, workplaces, the home,…