This review examines the literature on the use of non-pulmonic egressive sounds in disordered speech. Studies are described that report the use of pulmonic ingressive speech, clicks, ejectives, and implosives. Broad trends are identified linking the use of each type of non-pulmonic-egressive airstream use with particular disorders. The importance…

Elaborates the view that phonological recoding, or print-to-sound translation, is a self-teaching mechanism enabling learners to acquire the orthographic representations necessary for visual word recognition. Discusses developmental properties of phonological recoding, reviews evidence on the importance of cognitive abilities underlying the…

English pronunciation is still neglected in EFL/ESL classrooms throughout the world including Asia today. One of the reasons that it is neglected or ignored is because not many English pronunciation teaching strategies or techniques are available to teachers in the classroom. The purpose of this study is to review articles on strategies for…

Metalinguistic awareness, one's awareness of and control over one's language, is described; related research is discussed; and studies that have attempted to determine the relationship between metalinguistic awareness and bilingualism are examined. (18 references) (JL)

Studies of normative ages of speech sound acquisition vary in speech sample and methods used. Review of studies which sample spontaneous speech indicates that these data have characteristics that make them difficult to use as norms. Desirable characteristics of normative investigations of speech and sound acquisition are proposed. (Author/CL)

Examines the efficiency and sensitivity of five accuracy-based phonological awareness tasks for monitoring the development of these skills in kindergarten and Grade 1 students. Discusses the results and their implications for using accuracy-based measures of phonological awareness skills as part of a comprehensive assessment of young children's…

It is argued that a more comprehensive, systematic understanding of the nature of the alphabet, its three identities (letters/graphemes, letters/nomenemes, sounds/phonemes), and their specific functions in the teaching of various language skills and subskills should be an integral part of the language arts curriculum and instructional plan,…

The article addresses theoretical issues and possible problems related to the assessment of phonemic awareness. A definition of phonemic awareness is offered and applied to the acquisition and self-regulation of verbal and written language. Included is an examination of several commercially available tests as well as tasks used in research…

Reviews research examining whether children can use information in the Chinese writing system to pronounce characters. Argues that the overarching graphophonological insight in reading Chinese characters is the phonetic principle --the principle that the phonetic components of compound characters provide information about character pronunciation.…

Discusses phonic shifting or sound shifts through an examination of Grimm's Law, or the Germanic Consonant Shift. The discussion includes comments on why the phonic shift developed and its pattern. (10 references) (GLR)

Reviews the distinction between phonic generalizations and letter-sound correspondences and the research examining their usefulness. Discusses implications from that research regarding the teaching of letter-to-sound relationships to secondary school students. (FL)

The authors suggest that children's knowledge that the words they use are made of discrete sounds may be as important as understanding grapheme-phoneme correspondences for the beginning reader. Evidence is cited to show that children who demonstrate this insight perform better in learning to read and that metalinguistic insight can be taught.…

Explores how graphic symbols came to represent underlying linguistic constituents. It is suggested that the relationship between speech and writing may be just the opposite of what is traditionally assumed. Writing systems may provide the concepts and categories for thinking about the structure of speech rather than the reverse. (47 references)…

Discusses the government-approved simplification of French spelling, and describes rectifications of spelling problems frequently found in forming or using accents, verbs, hyphens, noun plurals, and other anomalies. (CB)

Instruction for beginning readers is thought to be needed on several fronts, including phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, reading comprehension, and vocabulary. The National Reading Panel reviewed the findings of many experiments to determine whether there was sufficient scientific evidence to indicate the effectiveness of these forms of…