British and U.S. preschool intervention projects are now reporting dramatic long-term follow-up findings that appear to vindicate the claim that preschool can serve as an "innoculation against failure," especially with disadvantaged children. However, important questions remain about the generalizability of these effects in other…

University of Saskatchewan graduate research since 1912 on Canadian native peoples included 62 theses (listed in a bibliography) done for the College of Arts and Sciences and College of Education. A majority of studies (73 percent) were contemporary in focus; 78 percent were descriptive; 30.1 percent were related to school and teaching processes.…

Focusing on multiple ways in which learners gain access to knowledge and skills, this handbook explores the possibilities of broadening current conceptualizations of literacy to include the full array of the communicative arts (reading, writing, speaking, listening, viewing). The handbook pays particular attention to the visual arts of drama,…

This essay examines the ways in which European history, as a discipline, has been influenced by feminist scholarship in the field and by research on gender and sexuality. It explains that historians continue to challenge assumptions that have long obscured women's places in the economic, social, and political histories of Europe, especially in…

This essay examines the ways in which geography, as a discipline, has been influenced by feminist scholarship in the field. It explains that early feminist critiques of the discipline examined the extent to which geography had overwhelmingly dealt with the lives of men and the ways in which its theories, methods, and content reflected men's…

This essay examines the ways in which U.S. history, as a discipline, has been influenced by feminist scholarship in the field and by research on gender and sexuality. It notes that the recognition that gender matters revolutionized the thinking of scholars who forged the field of women's history. Feminist scholars have expanded the definition of…

A review of the social science literature traces the history of the construct of multiracial identity, 1890-1995. Research emphases have shifted from racial categorization to ethnicity, from behavioral observation to self-report, and from the inferiority or marginality of multiracial individuals to their phenomenological experiences. Contains 139…

This literature review examines recent research on computers and learning for kindergarten through post secondary levels. The dominant areas of inquiry are: (1) effects on learning; (2) development of cognitive skills; (3) academic motivation and self-esteem; (4) effects of environmental factors on learners; and (5) research methodology. (111…

Explores the extent that sociological concepts have been incorporated into the vernacular of U.S. society and the impact of sociological techniques on politics and society. Study tracked frequency of selected sociological terms in the popular press. Identifies a danger of sociology becoming too popular and losing its credibility. (MJP)

This paper summarized contributors' ideas about evaluation as a field and where it is going. Topics discussed were qualitative versus quantitative debate; evaluation's purpose; professionalization; program failure; program development; evaluators as advocates; evaluation knowledge; evaluation expansion; and methodology and design. (SLD)

Presents an overview of some well-known instruments and recently developed scales for assessing student or teacher perceptions of actual or preferred classroom learning environments. Past research and practical applications followed using the instruments are described. (SM)

Offers suggestions for librarians to meet the needs of humanities researchers. Topics discussed include types of materials humanists use; how scholars work; computerized information sources; the use of online library catalogs; access to European automated catalogs; creating international standards; cooperative collection development; and academic…

Studies on motivational or attitudinal differences between women and men have frequently failed to explain observable differences in achievement, probably because they have not considered personal and contextual characteristics of college student samples. Life stage analysis is applied to studies of achievement and male-female relationships. (SLD)

Presents a historical overview of education research on children with visual impairments, examining four areas: low vision perception and efficiency; tactual perception and efficiency; reading and writing in the visual medium; and reading and writing in the tactual medium. Current research issues in educating learners with visual impairments are…

Analyzes the attitudes that humanistic students and scholars typically display toward information technology and discusses the effect they have on bibliographic instruction. Highlights include information needs versus available technology; needs assessment; necessary concepts and skills; search strategies; searching skills; and instructional…