Regular physical activity participation throughout childhood provides benefits to physical (Malina, Bouchard, & Bar-Or, 2004), physiological (Andersen, Wedderkopp, Hansen, Cooper, & Froberg, 2003), and psychological health (Mutrie & Parfitt, 1998). In recognition of these benefits, guidelines have been published in the United States…

The purpose of this article is to briefly describe schema theory and indicate its relevance to early childhood development, with specific reference to children's acquisition of motor skills. Schema theory proposes an explanation of how individuals learn and perform a seemingly endless variety of movements. According to Schmidt (1975), goal…

An overview is presented of the Purpose Process Curriculum Framework (PPCF), designed initially as a conceptual framework for physical education curricular decision making. Information is provided on the development, evaluation, and professional context of the PPCF. (CB)

A discussion of the present status of relevant curriculum theory and the presentation of a proposal for reformulation of the Movement Process Category System, a component of the Purpose Process Curriculum Framework is presented. (CB)

Recent research on fitness levels and physical education are reviewed. Six curriculum models are briefly noted, and a personal fitness model is proposed. The primary objective of the personal fitness model is lifetime fitness. (MT)

The author reviews the literature on aquatic activity for the disabled, discussing the physical, physiological, psychological, and sociological benefits of swimming and water safety activities. Unique properties of water and legal requirements regarding physical education of the handicapped, specifically citing the development of skills in…

This article reviews research literature on mental practice and preparation for motor performance and research on the effect of specific mental preparation strategies on skilled performance. Strategies discussed include imagery, self-efficacy statements, attentional focus, preparatory arousal, and relaxation. (Author/CJ)

The author contends that physical fitness through adapted physical education allows handicapped students to successfully participate in sports and independent recreational activities in the community. (SB)

Research concerning the proposed interrelation between physical activity and academic achievement is reviewed. Findings from these studies suggest that physical fitness enhances academic skills. (CJ)

Research suggests that role conflict exists among teacher-coaches due to the disparity in values between the two roles and to the fact that the two functions are fundamentally incompatible. The dilemma is further compounded by lack of clear role definition. Job descriptions for coach/teachers may vary greatly. (JN)

The epistemology of physical education, showing the sources from which physical education draws its theory, is used to address the reciprocal relationship between theory and practice. Models are used to clarify the relationships among various subdisciplines in the field of physical education, and suggestions are offered for a more coordinated…

A collection of essays focuses on the need to integrate philosophy into sport and physical education. The function of sport philosophy is to examine beliefs and values as a basis for human behavior. Philosophical issues examined include: (1) cheating; (2) competition; (3) the development of self-reflection and responsibility; and (4) the…

Physical education should be considered a basic component of education since it contributes to the total development of the individual. However, physical education objectives have not been reached, in spite of research supporting the goals and a large percentage of students participating in physical education programs. (JN)

Current trends in research about leisure activities with special populations include the examination of: (1) needs of clients; (2) use of leisure as a treatment tool; (3) development of programs; and (4) counseling and therapy. Proposed areas for future studies include teaching and therapy methods, descriptive studies of leisure needs, and…

Relates physical education of young children to development of the children's motor capacities and suggests how certain types of physical education can be used to stimulate physical and mental development. Most examples are taken from research undertaken in the U.S.S.R. (DB)