The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety in adults is well established. In the present study, the authors examined whether CBT tested under well-controlled conditions generalizes to less-controlled, real-world circumstances. Fifty-six effectiveness studies of CBT for adult anxiety disorders were located and synthesized.…

The present article reviews reminiscence research with regard to people with intellectual disabilities. Although the term "reminiscence" is not often used in intellectual disability research, the concept offers a useful framework for charting the different approaches in literature, thanks to its multidisciplinary character and eclectic theoretical…

Children with persistent antisocial and aggressive behavior are diagnosed as having disruptive behavior disorder. The authors review evidence that antisocial children, and especially those who persist with this behavior as they grow older, have a range of neurobiological characteristics. It is argued that serotonergic functioning and…

Discusses the reconceptualization of clinical psychology as a specialty within human services psychology that is concerned with the promotion of well-being through acquisition and application of psychosocial knowledge about treatment and prevention of psychological and physical disorders. Also proposes changes in the organization of professional…

Surveyed the views of both clinical and counseling psychologists regarding current trends in counseling and psychotherapy. Found psychoanalysis to be declining in popularity, while cognitive-behavioral options represented one of the strongest theoretical emphases today. (Author/GC)

The negative stereotypes of only children are pervasive despite a growing trend toward single-child families and evidence of the only child's strengths. People maintain definite beliefs about the characteristics of each ordinal position in a family, typically viewing only children as lonely, spoiled, and maladjusted. The author reviewed the…

Reviews the current state of knowledge about hypoactive sexual desire disorder. Despite clinical attention to this disorder, ambiguity remains concerning the nature and treatment of low sexual desire. Reviews diagnostic issues, including prevalence estimates. Highlights current theories of etiology and maintenance, as well as assessment…

Reviews research on inductive reasoning errors, including seeing patterns or relationships where none exist, neglecting statistical regression, overgeneralizing unrepresentative data, and drawing conclusions based on incomplete decision matrices. Considers "false consensus effect," through which associations with like-minded people lead one to…

This document defines clinical supervision as an intensive, interpersonally-focused, one-to-one relationship in which one person is designated to facilitate the development of therapeutic competence in the other person. Ways in which supervision is similar to, and different from, therapy are explained. The following stages in the clinical…

Analyzed predicted decline of projective techniques in usefulness and emphasis from several perspectives. An extensive review of empirical, survey, and position studies supports the utility of projective techniques, with the exception of the clinical academic setting. The loss in status is attributed to changing roles of clinical psychologists.…

Discusses how clinical psychology can contribute to the psychological well-being of minority people. Describes theory and research on racism and racial differences. Points out the unmet health needs of minority groups and the gaps that exist in clinical practice, and stresses the necessity for training more minority psychologists. (GC)

Investigates psychology programs at the subdoctoral level, with particular regard to attitudes of clinical training coordinators toward titles, accreditation, certification, and licensing. The typical coordinator of a master's level clinical program favored accreditation of master's level programs and a national organization of these programs in…

The Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) and Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) are both highly effective and empirically validated psychosocial approaches to the treatment of addictions whose unique designs may help achieve certain public health objectives. Literature will be reviewed to examine the potential impact of CRA and…

Psychoanalysis is undergoing rapid and remarkable changes in its basic metapsychology, theoretical reflections, and concrete, clinical interventions. Through self-psychology, Heinz Kohut's alternative views on the clinical relationship have contributed to this restructuring of psychoanalysis. Traditionally, mainstream psychoanalysis has viewed the…

This article is an update and review of institutional research productivity in counseling psychology. Institutional research productivity is assessed by totaling credits for articles published from 1993 to 2002 in the following journals: "Journal of Counseling Psychology," "The Counseling Psychologist," "Journal of Consulting and Clinical…