Recalls some studies in management style that have particular reference to education and makes some observations on the fundamental assumption that underlies them. The assumption is of volitional capability; that is, the manager can assess, or have assessed, his or her style and then change, adapt, or maintain it. (Author/IRT)

A developmental theory of adult intelligence is proposed called PPIK. The PPIK theory integrates intelligence as process, personality, interests, and intelligence-as-knowledge. Data from the study of knowledge structures are examined in the context of the theory and in relation to measures of content abilities. (SLD)

The Salter Environmental Type Assessment- Experimental Form B (SETA-Form B) was designed to be a commensurate environmental assessment for the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. This study addressed the generalizability of the SETA-Form B scores provided by 800 college students across 4 environmental domains. Although the results were mostly positive,…

Research and metaanalyses suggest fundamental commonalities among measures of cognition, affect, and conation, yielding trait complexes that are differentially related to career choices and intellectual development. A counseling framework involves movement away from typological representations of vocational and avocational interests,…

Reviews empirical research concerning loneliness among college students to sensitize family life specialists to the importance of loneliness within this age group. Presents a profile of the lonely college student from research findings which relate loneliness to personal attributes, interpersonal behaviors, and social network conditions. Discusses…

Information from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) can be related to vocational interests, career selection, and job performance. Use of the MMPI in career counseling depends on the extent of counselor training and expertise and on counselor views of the role of career counseling in human development. (SK)

Reviews biological bases of twinning and descriptions of 10 research designs. Summarizes findings from a selected sampling of twin studies of learning disabilities, personality and temperament, attitudes, psychopathology, and social behavior. Discusses findings with special reference to the activities of mental health practitioners and counselors.…

Argues that responsiveness is not a unitary concept but rather is pluralistic in nature and includes both intrapersonal and interpersonal factors. (PCB)

Data on the relatively high prevalence of learning disabilities among populations of delinquents are presented, and three explanatory hypotheses are examined in the context of the research literature: the susceptibility hypothesis, the school failure hypothesis, and the differential treatment hypothesis. A multifactorial explanation is offered.…

Though the personalities of mentally retarded persons are affected by the same factors that impact upon nonretarded persons, their life experiences often lead to overdependency on others, low aspiration levels, and outerdirected problem-solving styles. These characteristics may be responsible for the high rate of mental unhealth in mentally…

This article explores the concept of resilience as it relates to gifted children, particularly gifted black children, and identifies barriers to resilience. Recommendations for fostering resilience in these students are offered, including improve family-school-community relations, enhance self-concept, and improve social and emotional relations.…

Burnout is a condition of withdrawal from participation in sports as a result of stress. The most significant advance in the study of burnout has been a cognitive-affective model that contains situational, cognitive appraisal, physiological, and behavioral components. Suggestions for preventing and treating burnout are presented. (BC)

The literature provides evidence of links between measures of personality and vocational interests as theorized by Holland. Personality and interest assessments offer critical information for predicting career success. Personality assessment reflects the individual viewed by an observer and interest measurement reflects the individual's…

Determines whether the gender identities of African American male and female middle-class subjects are the same as the gender identities of their Anglo-American counterparts. Responses from a total of 1,740 individuals from both races reveal Anglo-American have a greater tendency to find gender-appropriate traits to be self-descriptive. (GR)

Explores demographic, environmental, and personality correlates of adolescents' positive life satisfaction reports. Findings indicate that demographic variables did not relate to life satisfaction, and that acute events and chronic life experiences were related significantly to life satisfaction. Findings demonstrate the importance of integrative…