Reviews the trend toward integrating vocational interest measurement with self-efficacy and personal styles measures. States that parallel measures of interests and self-efficacy can improve prediction of vocational choice behavior; personal styles and interests can be useful in choosing occupational settings and building career paths. Contains 53…

Purpose: To draw on a structured review of the literature on formalised mentoring programs for principals with the purpose of exploring their nature and the positive and negative outcomes for the parties involved. Design/methodology/approach: The methodological approach utilised in this paper was a structured review of the literature which is a…

Personality is defined as the dynamic organization, within an individual, of the systems that determine his or her characteristic behavior or thought. The study of personality involves many aspects of human behavior. Four approaches used to study personality are presented in this document: (1) Social Learning theory; (2) Trait theory; (3)…

The literature on gender and leadership constitutes a discordant, often contradictory, and typically atheoretical collection of findings. This situation exists despite the emerging psychology of women, heightened public awareness, and increasing numbers of women in positions of authority. Terborg and Ilgen (1975) took the first step toward…

Twelve studies relating writing apprehension to a variety of measures of self-esteem and personality are summarized in this paper. The findings reported indicate that apprehension is inversely related to self-esteem, marginally related to some personality measures (alienation, tolerance for ambiguity), inversely associated with mathematics…

This paper explores child humor from the early years to adolescence. The immature child's humor is crude, rude, and hostile and gradually evolves into sophisticated, socially acceptable adult humor in the same way that the immature child in general evolves into the sophisticated adult, becoming decreasingly creative along the way. (JDD)

Suggests that code-switching is not only a neurolinguistic process but also a psychological phenomenon with substantial reference to personality structure and dynamics. The bilingual's personality as a "code-switcher" is tentatively defined. (Author/CB)

Reviews research concerning the usefulness of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory in identification of alcoholics' personality characteristics. Discusses scales, profile configurations, and item analyses. Finds no single personality type characteristic of all alcoholics, although six cluster types occur with consistency. Alcoholics…

A model is proposed that relates the personality dimensions of introversion-extraversion, achievement motivation, and anxiety to efficient cognitive performance. This general information-processing model also accounts for the systematic effects of motivational states on sustained information transfer and some aspects of short-term memory.…

Reviews the empirical and theoretical literature on the career development of Asian Americans. (Author)

Reviews studies which examine spontaneous attributional activity. The paradigms include the coding of written material, recording of thoughts during or after task completion, and indirect inferences of attributional activity exhibited in other cognitive processes. Finds unequivocal documentation of attributional activity and the conditions that…

The House-Tree-Person test is based on the premise that unconscious aspects of the personality are exposed through the person's drawings of familiar items. Children who have experienced sexual abuse are often hesitant to respond to direct questioning about this experience. Researchers have studied the H-T-P to determine if these children produce…

This paper examines the traits of fictional characters and discusses how their characteristics have influenced modern conceptions of leadership. Based on E.D. Hirsch's study of cultural literacy and the idea that cultural knowledge is essential to the right functioning of a society, the report evaluates 29 famous figures (28 male, 1 female) and…

Reviews the behavioral evidence of the possible relationship between the movements of the planets and personality variables. Concludes that astrology is a science consisting primarily of false data claims and much further research is required before any supported conclusions can be reached. (Author)

Personal attributes of physical educators and coaches, including personal characteristics, leadership styles, attitudes, and value orientations, are described. Stereotypes of physical educators and coaches are contrasted with findings from research. (CJ)