Learning disabilities is presented as a construct supported by psychoeducational, socioemotional, and physiological data, as illustrated by the M. Meeker paradigm. (Author)

This review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in autism addresses three questions: (1) what structural anomalies of the brain have been identified by MRI? (2) why are these collective findings inconclusive? and (3) where should neuroimaging research go from here? It is noted that the vast majority of MRI scans in autism are clinically…

This article presents current research information on the treatment of panic disorder. Specific guidelines are presented to guide the mental health counselor in the delivery of effective psychopharmacological and cognitive-behavioral treatment. (Contains 81 references.) (Author)

Reviews literature on neuropsychological test batteries which suggests credibility of presumptions that deficits in psychological processes are responsible for learning problems in children who should otherwise be able to learn, and that these processing deficits are a reflection of biological-genetic factors. (Author/NB)

The literature on schizophrenia in individuals with mental retardation is reviewed, and the clinical features, symptomatology, diagnostic parameters, and treatment approaches are briefly discussed. Data are presented about prevalence rates, degree of mental retardation, male/female distribution, and age of onset. (Author/PB)

Notes that numerous studies have examined prevalence of psychiatric disorders among people with mental retardation, and wide range of rates have been reported. Discusses reasons for variability in these results, including definitional and identification issues, and sampling issues. Presents summary of representative studies. Emphasizes need for…

Research is reviewed on the educability of Down's Syndrome, and two cases of mosaicisim are cited illustrating the intellectual normality possible in Down's Syndrome. (CL)

Reviews studies of observed psychological dysfunctions of post-World War II and Hungarian refugees; the factors influencing the refugee experience; the research methods used to study Cuban and Indochinese refugees; and the treatments employed for different refugee groups. Argues for the use of behavioral descriptions of refugee symptomatology.…

Basic research in autism is reviewed. Reports that there is mounting indication, but as yet inconclusive evidence, of unique physiologic disturbances etiologically related to autism and that some of the physiologic disturbances found in autistic children are also present in children with other developmental disorders. (Author/SBH)

This review article is structured around a brief historical overview of the diagnostic classification of atypical sexual behavior, descriptions of the types of atypical sexual behavior that receive clinical attention, an overview of models that have been proposed to explain the development of atypical sexual behavior, and finally a summary of the…

Critically examines the assumptions underlying "False Memory Syndrome" to determine whether there is sufficient empirical evidence to support it as a valid diagnostic construct. A review of the relevant literature demonstrates that the existence of such a syndrome lacks general acceptance in the mental health field, and that the…

Skill using the American Psychiatric Association's 2000 "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Text Revision" is essential for increased professional credibility, career marketability, and third-party reimbursement of professional counselors. This article focuses on how to improve counselors' skill with the manual, by…

Reviews epidemiology and natural history of human immunodeficiency virus-Type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Discusses early and late clinical manifestations, diagnosis of infection, incubation and latency periods, and survival time. Reviews data from published literature on distribution of HIV infection in adult United States population and factors that…

Considers effects of informing individuals of their antibody status as determined by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody testing. Reviews research examining changes in psychological distress and in behaviors associated with HIV infections among individuals who have undergone antibody testing. Identifies methodological issues in studying…

Reviews current and available literature on Attention Deficit Disorder which tends to suggest that the search for identifying universal and specific features of handicapping conditions continues, as disagreement emerges over the construct of Attention Deficit Disorder. Summarizes debate in professional literature regarding definitions,…