Problematic and unhealthy personality characteristics have typically been the focus of researchers interested in the possible causes of substance abuse/use. Study compares personality structure among three groups of rural college students: abstainers, experimenters, and regular users. Minimal support was obtained for the hypothesis that moderate…

Reviews major learning style theories. Discusses cross-cultural research on learning styles and explores implications of this research for counselors. Discusses implications of accommodating learning style preferences of various cultural groups for counselors. Cautions it is important to recognize learning styles are individual rather than…

Courage is presented in this article as the energizing catalyst for choosing growth over safety needs. A content analysis of the literature reveals 3 dimensions of courage: fear, appropriate action, and a higher purpose. Guidelines and strategies for developing courage are described.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present a framework for resilience education that can be used by teachers in schools. The paper seeks to identify a common language for exploring the concept of resilience. Design/methodology/approach: The paper presents an overview of the construct of resilience as it appears in the literature. It provides…

This literature review focuses on factors found to be associated with individual differences in infant night waking. Infant night waking that requires parent intervention to assist the infant to return to sleep is of special concern to parents because of the sleep deprivation and fragmentation that they experience. Both intrinsic and extrinsic…

The paper reviews the literature on sexual delinquency in male and female adolescents and considers guidelines for effective intervention in nonspecialized treatment programs. A section on sexual delinquency in females touches on prostitution and incest, while a section on males notes the changing composition of the sexually delinquent population.…

The sexual genogram combines aspects of the sex history with the genogram/family journey to examine the impact of the partners' family loyalties, secrets, and "scripts" on their sexual functioning. The exploration process offers an opportunity for major change to occur. Technique for this method is discussed, along with relevant case…

Reviews several related literatures on family and personal correlates of adolescent problem behaviors with intention of providing integrative framework to guide future research. Presents model that postulates existence of two negative family types, psychological overcontrol and behavioral undercontrol, that place adolescents at risk for…

Studies the relationship of sensation-seeking to alcohol use and risk-taking behavior in a sample of college women. Risk-taking behavior measured in a driving simulation task was affected by state of intoxication. Results indicate that the personality trait of sensation-seeking appears to play an important mediating role in alcohol use and…

Reviews literature on personality and vocational behavior within the framework of the Five Factor Model, in the following clusters: personality and choice-related processes, general career processes, occupational satisfaction and well-being, and organizational outcomes. Summarizes themes and suggests future research directions. Contains 170…

Describes the current research findings related to perfectionism in adults and summarizes the recent literature regarding perfectionism in children and adolescents. Makes suggestions for intervention strategies for helping children and adolescents learn to capitalize on the adaptive aspects of perfectionism and remediate the maladaptive aspects of…

(Purpose) The purpose of this study was to investigate features of Japanese students' contact with the target language (English) outside the classroom in a study abroad context. (Methodology) The participants in this study were 29 Japanese students taking general English courses, for 12 weeks, at two private English language schools in New…

Nightmares are common, occurring weekly in 4%-10% of the population, and are associated with female gender, younger age, increased stress, psychopathology, and dispositional traits. Nightmare pathogenesis remains unexplained, as do differences between nontraumatic and posttraumatic nightmares (for those with or without posttraumatic stress…

Research on suicide in latency age children is reviewed and case histories of two nine-year-old children who suicided by shooting themselves and one seven-year-old who died by self-poisoning are presented. Similarities in environmental and family histories and in personality variables are discussed. (Author/BL)

Results of analysis of correlations collected by Cookson, following Eysenck and Cookson's study of personality and ability in young people, confirm the finding from previous Cattellian test data that the more intelligent children decline in relative extraversion scores and cast doubt on Eysenck's suggestion that introverts gradually show higher…