A literature review indicates that females comprise 18% of practicing pharmacists and 33% of pharmacy students; male pharmacists represent the highest status; female pharmacists are less career-oriented than female physicians; and the increasing percentage of females entering pharmacy may not result in gains in status. (MH)

Reports of five Canadian universities concerning gender discrimination in salaries are reviewed, compared, and evaluated. All found some discrimination, but approaches taken varied considerably. Analysis suggests the focus on single equation models is problematic, and further information gathering is needed. (Author/MSE)

Sex bias in college faculty salaries is examined in this book. Part 1 contains the following four chapters on the use of multiple regression to detect and estimate sex bias in salaries: "The Assessment of Salary Equity: A Methodology, Alternatives, and a Dilemma" (Thomas R. Pezzullo and Barbara E. Brittingham); "Detection of Sex-Related Salary…

This article discusses factors which influence teacher salaries: collective bargaining; regional differences; teacher supply and demand; the notion of teaching as a "woman's profession," public opinion, and merit pay schemes. Tables of high, low, and representative 1978-79 teacher salary scales from around the nation are included. (SJL)

Maintains that, in the wake of unfavorable court decisions, many school boards in the South attempted to legitimize wage discrimination against black teachers through use of the National Teacher Examination (NTE). Examines questions of racial bias within the testing procedure. Profiles the NTE's leading proponent, Ben Wood. (MJP)

Older women, who comprise two-thirds of the retired U.S. population, share substantially less of the $1.3 trillion worth of over 800,000 private and public pension plans by every way of measurement. Of the one-in-five women receiving pension income, some obtain it from their own paid work history, while others are widows and divorced women who…

A recent study showed that high school students who are not planning to attend college full time should combine vocational and academic course work to maximize their success in the labor market. In a study of non-college bound youth (based on the High School and Beyond Survey data) that examined the impact of high school curriculum, grades, and…

During the 1920's merit pay became the most preferred system of teacher compensation; however, today fewer than 4 percent of the school systems in the United States use merit pay plans. The National Education Association suggests that merit pay is a "bogus issue" obscuring more significant areas of education needing reform, and the…

Issues that confront the dual career family, a family in which both parents work outside the home and are actively involved in developing a profession, are discussed. This report focuses on issues relative to married couples with children and specifically to college faculty couples. Modifications in life style required in these circumstances are…

This publication presents six primary tools employers can use to narrow or eliminate pay gaps in their workplaces. After each tool is a discussion of the problem and examples of "best practices" by employers that have won the Department of Labor's Opportunity 2000 and EVE (Exemplary Voluntary Efforts) awards. The report is divided into six tools:…

Traces the patterns of wage premiums for college graduates since 1963. Also examines the wage differentials between high school dropouts and graduates, and between college dropouts and graduates. The dramatic rise in the wage premium is due to the huge increase in the demand for college-trained workers. (Author/BJV)

This paper is a product of the "Changing Domestic Priorities" project which has examined the shifts taking place in the nation's economic and social policies under the Reagan Administration and is now focusing on the major economic and social problems facing the nation over the coming decade. The following topics are discussed in this paper: (1)…

Focusing on the classroom teacher as the key component in the educational process, this yearbook reviews recent school reform upheavals and their effects on teacher compensation, availability and quality of teachers, teacher retirement systems and related issues. After introductory observations on teachers' economic subsidies by Kern Alexander,…

Although men and women work in jobs requiring approximately equal levels of education and in occupations with approximately equal prestige, working women earn only about 60% as much on the average as do working men. This disparity in income has important social consequences and is widely perceived as inequitable. One form of this type of…

A review of the literature reveals that a profession: (1) possesses a unique set of abilities, (2) is based on a systematic body of knowledge, (3) is client-centered, (4) bonds its members together in associations, (5) is accorded a monopoly of licensure to protect standards, (6) possesses a regulatory code of ethical conduct, (7) assumes…