Chronological review of various studies from the past 50 years on the effectiveness of methods for teaching reading, conducted to devise criteria and implement methods for greater reading achievement. (HTH)

Reviews research findings of the observer effect on student and teacher behavior and its implications for administrators. (Author/MLF)

If evaluation's purpose is improving teaching rather than prescribing teaching effectiveness, then supervisors must find ways to communicate that purpose and to motivate teachers to seek improvement. This article reviews relevant literature, focusing on summative and formative evaluation, philosophical concepts espoused by neo-traditionalists and…

Critical issues addressed in the literature with regard to teacher evaluation, appraisal instruments, and their use are reviewed. The focus of the study is to provide ideas and suggestions on improving the evaluation process, something best achieved by matching the appropriate instrument with that which it purports to measure. (SLD)

This review of research on instructional improvement and teacher evaluation considers the complex issues affecting the K-8 principal's ability to enhance educational quality through effective supervision of the instructional process. According to several studies, teachers found formal evaluations far less valuable than direct assistance and…

This paper argues that during the past two decades, research on teaching effectiveness can be identified with three differing paradigms: (1) the technical/"scientific"; (2) the humanistic; and (3) the person-centered paradigms. It is further proposed that if teaching is viewed as an art or craft and learning as an ever present process,…

The literature presents a variety of approaches for a principal to take when evaluating how well teachers are passing on to students the learning constructs indicated in the program via the teaching process. Chester McNerney suggests evaluation of teacher knowledge, personal attributes, and social skills and interactions. J. Minor Gwynn advises…

The study committee that compiled this report extensively reviewed articles analyzing research on personnel evaluation in Massachusetts' public schools. The report provides a definition and list of principles of evaluation, committee recommendations, a discussion of evaluation procedures in Massachusetts, examples of illustrative practices,…

The Office of Field Studies at the University of Tennessee Knoxville has implemented a research-based, collaborative-interactive student teacher supervision program featuring the provision of objective feedback during the preobservation conference, observation, and postobservation conference. (CB)

This study investigated the relationship between teachers' attitudes toward evaluation and elementary school climate. The instrument used in the study was the Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire (OCDQ) which described eight dimensions of school climate. (Author/DWH)

Teacher education will probably continue to receive specific attention in the competency testing area. Professional educators need to apply the best knowledge and practice available if testing is to become a valuable and valid part of the teacher certification process. (CJB)

Two low-inference teacher clarity variables, vagueness terms and mazes, are discussed in terms of their effect on student achievement and on student perception of lesson effectiveness. Results indicate that high frequencies of teacher vagueness terms inhibit student achievement and cause students to perceive the lesson as ineffective. (Authors/JN)

This article attempts to provide British educators, who face a similar trend, with a synthesis of some major developments in the Accountability in Education movement in the United States. (Author/SJL)

Reports on topics covered and issues addressed during a seminar on improving teacher education for foreign language teachers, covering such areas as current reform efforts, teacher education guidelines, accreditation and certification, recruitment, teacher assessment, teacher education standards, and action plans for the future. (CB)

The task force recommendations offer professional standards for accomplished teaching and propose the establishment of a certification procedure for experienced German teachers. The recommendations were approved by the American Association of Teachers of German executive council in February 1993 and will provide guidelines for the association's…