Drawing on recent work extending Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development and activity theory, the article proposes that apprenticeship be reconceptualized as a more inclusive social theory of learning. Suggests the need for new criteria for reflexive learning. (SK)

Reviews Russel Kirk's THE PORTABLE CONSERVATIVE READER and George Will's STATECRAFT AS SOULCRAFT. Maintains that Americans tend to misunderstand the philosophy of traditional conservatives, confusing their stance on issues such as authority, tradition, and laissez faire government. (JDH)

This article examines major categories of classical and critical Marxism and reviews issues emerging about their usefulness for radical social theory. These issues are analyzed with regard to how they have influenced the course of radical education theory. Finally, a theoretical discourse for developing an alternative radical theory of education…

Explores the evolution of language policy and planning (LPP) as an area of research from the end of World War II to the present. Based on analysis of the LPP literature, three types of factors are identified as having been instrumental in shaping the field: macro sociopolitical, epistemological, and strategic. (Author/VWL)

Generally, this article examines the complicated relations between gender and sexuality. More specifically, it couches gender and sexuality in the field of queer studies and education and argues that whatever gender and sexuality might mean, these concepts must include discussions around queerness, otherwise gender debates get aligned with …

Featuring the tourist as a subject position powerful enough to activate new market mechanisms by way of choosing to travel in more ethical ways, theorists argue that new tourism activities present an alternative to the modern conception of mass tourism and the devastation it has come to represent. Tourists, once portrayed by leisure theorists as…

At the dawning of the 21st century, the term "social justice" is appearing in numerous public texts and discourses throughout the field of education. However, and as Gewirtz argued in 1998, the conceptual underpinnings of this catchphrase frequently remain tacit or underexplored. This article elaborates Gewirtz's earlier…

Presents a sociologically grounded framework for drug treatment, positing three social processes: 1) dissociation from the addict lifestyle and subculture, involving sacrifice, renunciation and investment; 2) association with the treatment program and its goals, involving communion, mortification, and transcendence; and 3) a reintegration process…

Examines the competing theories of social identity theory (SIT) and multicultural theory to determine if support would be found for either theory. Consistent with SIT, levels of ethnic identity correlated significantly with levels of ethnocentrism for Whites and Hispanics but not for African Americans. Implications of the findings are discussed.…

Examines issues facing occupations undergoing professionalization. Considers theoretical bases for continuing professional education, suggesting a critical social theory to inform debates about who should gain access to what forms of professional knowledge. (Contains 34 references.) (SK)

Outlines three broad approaches to defining the rural and concludes that only the discussion of the rural as locality is adequate. Introduces a theory of social representations of the rural and its relevance to the rural definition debate. (152 references) (KS)

Suggests that quasi-theories may link symbolic interactionism and negotiated order theory. The proposal theory is grounded in a case study of a university sabbatical leave committee. Situational response is explained in regard to the microsocial processes of cure selection and cure justification, rather than relying on macrosocial issues.…

Examines key "chaos" elements--operation of systems far from equilibrium, nonlinear causation and discontinuous change, patterns in apparent chaos, and self-organization--in relation to family systems theory. Although there are several parallels, chaos theory is better able to address change, inequity, and the occurrence of order and…

Discusses counseling implications and applications of several social theories of aging. Explores effects of some rather distinct perspectives on aging, beginning with conceptualizations, research studies, and criticisms of disengagement theory, activity theory, and role theory, leading up to continuity theory and liberation perspective. Focuses on…

Children face many important changes in the first eight years of life, including different learning centres, social groups, roles and expectations. Their ability to adapt to such a dynamic and evolving environment directly affects their sense of identity and status within their community over the short and long term. In particular, the key turning…