Newly discovered transcriptions of 87 of First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt's women-only press conferences held from 1933 to 1945 make possible an examination of the objectives, topics, and value of these conferences. By holding the conferences, Mrs. Roosevelt attributed to women an important function in the political communication process, and at the…

Research on the relationship between maternal employment and academic orientations of school-aged children is critically reviewed, and avenues for future research are suggested. Most data reviewed are based on white, intact families. Patterns of academic orientation were found to differ by sex and, particularly for sons, by social class. Daughters…

Since the days when women first began entering the work force scholars have studied perceived gender differences related to motivation in organizational settings. This paper first presents a brief overview of motivation theory and then examines the literature tracing gender related motivation-to-manage as it evolves through the 1950s and 1960s to…

This report analyzes the number of women working in the following six decision making jobs in prime time television: (1) executive producer; (2) supervising producer; (3) producer; (4) co-producer; (5) writer; and (6) director. The women who hold these positions are able to influence the portrayal of women on television as well as to improve the…

Societal changes have caused new directions for research on interest measurement. Specifically, the woman's movement of the early 1970s with the resultant awareness of sex inequities in the U.S. occupational distribution, has encouraged changes in gender-free occupational titles and equal endorsements by sex within scales of item pools and revised…

Adopting the viewpoint of the women students involved, this paper examines the first two decades of academic journalism (1908-1930). Pointing out that women students were a sizeable element in journalism schools from their beginning in 1908, the paper calls attention to the fact that women and men students were prepared for quite different lives,…

The kinds of vocational guidance available to women from 1910 to 1940 are discussed in this paper. As the number of women college graduates increased in the 1890s and especially in the first decade of the 20th century, concern also grew for what all these trained women would do to earn a living after they graduated and before they married (if they…

The studies in this volume highlight new research on the interaction of work and family and were presented at the 1978 conference, "Changing Family, Changing Workplace," held at the University of Michigan. The report on changes in the marriage role between 1957 and 1976 indicates that the family is still the core area of significance to…

Attachments are as important to adults as they have been shown to be to infants. Generational family links are an example of attachments that provide consistencies and support change. There is an important interactive network among people of different generations and it is indicated that middle-aged mothers are providing an unpredicted source of…

Examines career development of women in admissions. Most women working in universities, especially public schools, occupy lower status positions. Women have the qualifications to succeed as directors of admission, but affirmative action has not increased their numbers, and those who are directors earn 80 percent of what their male counterparts…

An overview of recent literature on changes in the nature and patterns of work and their implications for vocational education and training (VET) is offered. Changes in the nature and patterns of work present significant challenges to the VET sector. More women have entered the work force; unemployment has reemerged as a significant factor;…

An overview is given of the impact of demographic and educational changes in Canadian society on the military labor market. The emphasis is placed on describing how these changes influenced the supply of potential recruits. (JN)

Reviews research on: (1) women's roles as worker and wife/mother; (2) women's career and socialization patterns; (3) characteristics of women in business organizations; (4) characteristics of women in higher education administration; and (5) general characteristics of male and female college presidents. Also discusses methodological issues in such…

Discusses the findings of studies of how parents' work experiences affect children, pointing out methodological problems as well as areas for further research and emphasizing the need for a shift from studies of parents' work status per se to investigations of coping strategies in a time of dual-earner families. (RH)

Discusses public programs related to maternal employment including Aid to Families with Dependent Children. Reports on economic and social forces which discourage employment of mothers outside the home. Describes programs dealing with barriers to maternal employment. (RC)