Obesity is a prevalent and ever-expanding issue across the country which affects many aspects of the afflicted lives. Schools can help combat the spread of obesity through the frequency of contact with students and the implementation of physical activity via physical education. However, many districts understaff and underfund physical education. It is imperative for physical education teachers to be able to affect change with limited time and resources. A review of the literature shows a clear path for how physical education affects body composition. The primary focus of this review of the literature explores the effects of incorporating high-intensity interval training into the physical education environment. The review of the literature primarily utilized systematic reviews, random control trials, and quasi-experimental designs. Researchers across the vast majority of the literature reviewed concluded that physical education incorporating high-intensity interval training or high-intensity interval training for adolescents leads to improvements in varying measures of body composition.