In this review of literature, the efficacy of online instruction for developmental mathematics students was explored. Current peer-reviewed articles, representing research from community college settings and written between 1996 and 2015, were reviewed. Based on those studies, several recommendations are offered regarding the online delivery of developmental mathematics. Recommendations include offering support services and office hours; orientation and screening; tailored advising; technical support; early warning systems; a structured design; frequent communication; instruction on self-directed learning; and faculty professional development. By adopting some of these empirically supported strategies and practices, program administrators and educators may be able to improve the quality of the learning experiences for online developmental mathematics students and possibly improve student retention rates as well.