This paper looks at the literature on library bibliographic instruction and reviews the state of the art of such instruction in college and university settings. It is divided into four sections which include: (1) abstracts of 14 representative articles on library instruction published within the last 5 years; (2) a summary of major trends, problems, and concerns addressed in this area of the library literature; (3) information on library instruction as it is actually practiced in a medium-sized, state-supported college and a small privately-supported university, both in upstate New York; and (4) an assessment of the major areas of agreement and disagreement between the library literature and the college and university librarians interviewed during the study. A striking level of agreement between the literature and actual practice was found. (Author/ESR)