Occupational stress has increased in higher education academic staff over several decades, and this has been particularly acute in Australia and New Zealand. This scoping review sought to understand the causes and impacts of occupational stress among Australian and New Zealand academics. Eight EBSCO databases were searched for key terms: academic…

Research findings on the status of adults with learning disabilities are reviewed and related to changing social and work environments. Findings show that learning disabilities persist into adulthood, that manifestations of learning disabilities in adulthood are different than in childhood, and that many adults with learning disabilities are not…

Research on social interaction of severely disabled adolescents is reviewed. A conceptual model for research and instruction is based on the reciprocal exchange of responses between two interactants. Among topics addressed are peer initiation strategies, teaching disabled students to initiate, the environmental context, social scripts, and school…

Women face external career barriers (sexual harassment, discrimination, lower socioeconomic status, racism, homophobia, physical limitations, lack of mentors) as well as individual/social barriers (self-efficacy expectations, low-outcome expectations, skill deficits, multiple role stress). Tools such as interviews, qualitative tests, and…

As a job changes, person-job fit is likely to change. A number of factors affect older workers' ability and choice to adjust to job changes: individual factors (knowledge, skills, abilities, attitudes, attractiveness of retirement); and organizational (orientation to workplace changes, the redesigned job, training, support, personnel practices,…

Relates selected concepts from the general literature of gay and lesbian psychology to the career development of gay men. Specific concerns related to sexual identity development, the management of stigma, and psychological adjustment are reviewed, and suggestions are offered both to practitioners and researchers. (Author)

Discusses career decision making of lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals within the framework of personal (interests, values, and skills) and environmental (workplace barriers) factors and their interactive influences. Reviews empirical literature and proposes suggestions for research and practice. (Author/JBJ)

Factors determining vocational success and failure for mentally retarded persons are reviewed and implications for teacher education addressed. The history of vocational programs for this population is traced, and problems noted in research regarding vocational fitness (including lack of standardized projective vocational tools). Among factors…

A review of the literature on learning disabled adults summarizes research in the following areas: persistence of learning patterns in adulthood, level of education, school adjustment, employment characteristics, social and family adjustment, independence, and types of adult therapeutic interventions. (JW)

This paper outlines a sequence of age-related developmental stages of the adult years, with a special emphasis on the preretirement period. Age-related life stages are discussed in the context of organizational behavior, the person-organization relationship, and the disengagement processes of retirement. (Author)

Noting the importance of communication to the socialization process of individuals entering organizations, this paper examines how individuals move through different communication modes and make use of different communication skills as they progress from newcomers to organizational members. To accomplish this, the paper uses aspects of…

It is postulated that adult vocational maturity needs to be assessed because of the changing developmental tasks encountered during the course of careers. Super's proposed adult vocational maturity model is examined for the promise that it offers and the problems that arise in developing a multidimensional measure of vocational maturity. (Author)

Outlines recent job-stress research indicating the impact of psychosocial stressors on employees. Presents four suggestions to broaden the job-stress research while keeping the psychosocial emphasis. Recommends that research be integrated with stress-management programs and suggests specific research designs for the evaluation of such programs.…

This paper reviews literature on job satisfaction and work adjustment and relates it to ways in which vocational education can contribute to worker satisfaction. The first section considers studies of job satisfaction from the beginning of the twentieth century and shows how the various approaches are not conflicting but contribute different and…

This paper reviews research relevant to the adjustment of adults with learning disabilities (LD) in the areas of academic, occupation/vocational, social, and personal/emotional functioning. After an introduction, methodological concerns are raised in the areas of sampling, definitions, experimental designs, and instrumentation. The review…